Page 1 of 192
Ati Medical Surgical Retake 2026/2027
Complete Questions And Correct Detailed
Answers (Verified Answers), 100%
Guaranteed Pass ||Complete A+ Guide
1. A nurse is assessing a client with left-sided heart failure.
Which finding is most indicative?
A. Jugular venous distension
B. Hepatomegaly
C. Crackles in lung bases
D. Peripheral edema
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary
congestion due to increased left ventricular pressure, causing
crackles. JVD, hepatomegaly, and peripheral edema are signs
of right-sided failure.
,Page 2 of 192
2. A client with acute myocardial infarction reports severe
substernal chest pain. Morphine 2 mg IV is prescribed. What
is the priority rationale for morphine?
A. Suppress cough reflex
B. Reduce preload and oxygen demand
C. Increase cardiac contractility
D. Prevent thromboembolism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Morphine reduces preload (venodilation) and
afterload (arteriodilation), decreasing myocardial oxygen
demand and relieving pain.
3. A client post-cardiac catheterization via femoral artery
reports numbness in the left foot. What action is priority?
A. Document finding as expected
B. Apply warm compresses to foot
,Page 3 of 192
C. Assess pedal pulses and color
D. Elevate the left leg 30 degrees
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Numbness suggests arterial occlusion or hematoma
compressing the artery. Immediate assessment of pulses,
sensation, and color is critical to prevent limb loss.
4. A nurse is teaching a client with stable angina about
nitroglycerin. Which statement indicates understanding?
A. “I will take a tablet every 15 minutes until pain subsides.”
B. “I can take up to 3 tablets, 5 minutes apart, then call 911 if
no relief.”
C. “I should swallow the tablet with a full glass of water.”
D. “I will store opened bottles in the refrigerator.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin sublingual: one tablet q5min x3
doses. If pain persists after 3 doses, seek emergency care.
, Page 4 of 192
Swallow = ineffective. Store in cool, dark place (not fridge
after opening).
5. A client with heart failure has an ejection fraction of
25%. Which medication is first-line to reduce mortality?
A. Furosemide
B. Digoxin
C. Carvedilol
D. Spironolactone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Beta-blockers (carvedilol, metoprolol succinate)
improve survival in HFrEF. Diuretics control symptoms but don’t
reduce mortality.
6. A nurse hears a murmur at the second right intercostal
space, radiating to the neck. Which valve is most likely
affected?
Ati Medical Surgical Retake 2026/2027
Complete Questions And Correct Detailed
Answers (Verified Answers), 100%
Guaranteed Pass ||Complete A+ Guide
1. A nurse is assessing a client with left-sided heart failure.
Which finding is most indicative?
A. Jugular venous distension
B. Hepatomegaly
C. Crackles in lung bases
D. Peripheral edema
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary
congestion due to increased left ventricular pressure, causing
crackles. JVD, hepatomegaly, and peripheral edema are signs
of right-sided failure.
,Page 2 of 192
2. A client with acute myocardial infarction reports severe
substernal chest pain. Morphine 2 mg IV is prescribed. What
is the priority rationale for morphine?
A. Suppress cough reflex
B. Reduce preload and oxygen demand
C. Increase cardiac contractility
D. Prevent thromboembolism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Morphine reduces preload (venodilation) and
afterload (arteriodilation), decreasing myocardial oxygen
demand and relieving pain.
3. A client post-cardiac catheterization via femoral artery
reports numbness in the left foot. What action is priority?
A. Document finding as expected
B. Apply warm compresses to foot
,Page 3 of 192
C. Assess pedal pulses and color
D. Elevate the left leg 30 degrees
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Numbness suggests arterial occlusion or hematoma
compressing the artery. Immediate assessment of pulses,
sensation, and color is critical to prevent limb loss.
4. A nurse is teaching a client with stable angina about
nitroglycerin. Which statement indicates understanding?
A. “I will take a tablet every 15 minutes until pain subsides.”
B. “I can take up to 3 tablets, 5 minutes apart, then call 911 if
no relief.”
C. “I should swallow the tablet with a full glass of water.”
D. “I will store opened bottles in the refrigerator.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin sublingual: one tablet q5min x3
doses. If pain persists after 3 doses, seek emergency care.
, Page 4 of 192
Swallow = ineffective. Store in cool, dark place (not fridge
after opening).
5. A client with heart failure has an ejection fraction of
25%. Which medication is first-line to reduce mortality?
A. Furosemide
B. Digoxin
C. Carvedilol
D. Spironolactone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Beta-blockers (carvedilol, metoprolol succinate)
improve survival in HFrEF. Diuretics control symptoms but don’t
reduce mortality.
6. A nurse hears a murmur at the second right intercostal
space, radiating to the neck. Which valve is most likely
affected?
