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BIOL 2313 Exam 2 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH EXPLANATIONS JUST RELEASED
BIOL 2313 Exam 2 –Questions with Answers and Rationales
Table of Contents
Domain Topic Area Question Range
1 Endocrine System 1–25
2 Blood Components & Hemostasis 26–50
3 Cardiac Physiology & ECG 51–75
4 Blood Vessels & Circulation 76–100
5 Immune System & Lymphatic System 101–125
6 Respiratory System 126–150
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Domain Topic Area Question Range
7 Digestive System & Metabolism 151–175
8 Urinary System & Fluid Balance 176–200
9 Reproductive System 201–225
10 Acid-Base Balance & Homeostasis 226–250
DOMAIN 1: Endocrine System (Questions 1–25)
Question 1. Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid gland to
produce thyroxine?
A. Thyroxine (T4)
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Calcitonin
D. Triiodothyronine (T3)
Answer: B. Rationale: TSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid gland to
produce and release T4 and T3. Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland itself.
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Question 2. Which endocrine gland is known as the "master gland" because it controls the secretion of
many other endocrine glands?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Pineal gland
Answer: C. Rationale: The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it secretes hormones that
regulate the activity of other endocrine glands, including the thyroid, adrenal cortex, and gonads.
Question 3. Which hormone is primarily responsible for lowering blood glucose levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Cortisol
C. Insulin
D. Epinephrine
Answer: C. Rationale: Insulin, secreted by pancreatic beta cells, facilitates glucose uptake by cells and
lowers blood glucose. Glucagon and cortisol raise blood glucose.
Question 4. Where are the adrenal glands located?
A. On the anterior surface of the thyroid gland
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B. On the superior poles of the kidneys
C. Within the abdominal cavity near the pancreas
D. In the mediastinum near the heart
Answer: B. Rationale: The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys (suprarenal location). They consist of an
outer cortex and inner medulla.
Question 5. Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla during the fight-or-flight response?
A. Aldosterone
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine
D. Androgens
Answer: C. Rationale: The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to
sympathetic stimulation, mediating the fight-or-flight response.
Question 6. Which hormone regulates sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the kidneys?
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. ADH
D. ANP
BIOL 2313 Exam 2 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH EXPLANATIONS JUST RELEASED
BIOL 2313 Exam 2 –Questions with Answers and Rationales
Table of Contents
Domain Topic Area Question Range
1 Endocrine System 1–25
2 Blood Components & Hemostasis 26–50
3 Cardiac Physiology & ECG 51–75
4 Blood Vessels & Circulation 76–100
5 Immune System & Lymphatic System 101–125
6 Respiratory System 126–150
, Page 2 of 110
Domain Topic Area Question Range
7 Digestive System & Metabolism 151–175
8 Urinary System & Fluid Balance 176–200
9 Reproductive System 201–225
10 Acid-Base Balance & Homeostasis 226–250
DOMAIN 1: Endocrine System (Questions 1–25)
Question 1. Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid gland to
produce thyroxine?
A. Thyroxine (T4)
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Calcitonin
D. Triiodothyronine (T3)
Answer: B. Rationale: TSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid gland to
produce and release T4 and T3. Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland itself.
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Question 2. Which endocrine gland is known as the "master gland" because it controls the secretion of
many other endocrine glands?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Pineal gland
Answer: C. Rationale: The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it secretes hormones that
regulate the activity of other endocrine glands, including the thyroid, adrenal cortex, and gonads.
Question 3. Which hormone is primarily responsible for lowering blood glucose levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Cortisol
C. Insulin
D. Epinephrine
Answer: C. Rationale: Insulin, secreted by pancreatic beta cells, facilitates glucose uptake by cells and
lowers blood glucose. Glucagon and cortisol raise blood glucose.
Question 4. Where are the adrenal glands located?
A. On the anterior surface of the thyroid gland
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B. On the superior poles of the kidneys
C. Within the abdominal cavity near the pancreas
D. In the mediastinum near the heart
Answer: B. Rationale: The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys (suprarenal location). They consist of an
outer cortex and inner medulla.
Question 5. Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla during the fight-or-flight response?
A. Aldosterone
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine
D. Androgens
Answer: C. Rationale: The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to
sympathetic stimulation, mediating the fight-or-flight response.
Question 6. Which hormone regulates sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the kidneys?
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. ADH
D. ANP
