APSC 100 Exam Questions with Verified Correct
Answers
Engineering design
a process through which engineering knowledge and skills are appleid to solve real-world, open-
ended problems
Engineering Design Process
0. Problem
1. Study and clarify problem
2. Generate potential solutions
3. Identify most promising solution
4. Develop and test solution
5. Implement solution
+Iteration between any of the stages
Costs as a function of time during the design process
at the start, costs (money) are low, as engineers are still understanding and planning out the
solution as compared to later on in the project (stages 4-5)
Iteration
review and revise solution; previous stages can be continuously revised if the solution fails
certain requirements/can be improved
Stage 1: study and clarify problem
- identify stakeholders and needs
1. determine potential stakeholders
2. identify key stakeholders
3. engage key stakeholders and determine needs
Stakeholders
- anyone who is influenced by or can influence the project
- different stakeholders will have different and contradictory needs
, - there is a chance that not all stakeholders need to be consulted
- types of stakeholders: primary, secondary, tertiaryw
Needs
stakeholder wants/expectations of what the final design should need to do
- some needs are more important than others based on the stakeholder
Threshold needs
needs so obvious that stakeholders would not think to mention (assumed)
Latent needs
needs that stakeholders may not expect but would surprise and delight them if mentioned
Expressed needs
needs expressed by stakeholders
Universal design
creating solutions that are as inclusive of as many people as possible
- easily understood by everyone
- work for all users without requiring modifications or special training
Target design specifications
Precise, quantifiable description of what has to be in the design; developed from stakeholder
needs
- not all stakeholder needs can be met; sometimes sacrifices must be made
- Stage 3: solution identification -- SCORING
Requirements
"must-haves" of a design; if needs are not met, the design must be dropped or redesigned
- Stage 3: solution identification -- SCREENING
Evaluation criteria
criteria that measures level of stakeholder satisfaction, distinguishing different levels of
performance
- Stage 3: solution identification -- RANKING
Validation
Answers
Engineering design
a process through which engineering knowledge and skills are appleid to solve real-world, open-
ended problems
Engineering Design Process
0. Problem
1. Study and clarify problem
2. Generate potential solutions
3. Identify most promising solution
4. Develop and test solution
5. Implement solution
+Iteration between any of the stages
Costs as a function of time during the design process
at the start, costs (money) are low, as engineers are still understanding and planning out the
solution as compared to later on in the project (stages 4-5)
Iteration
review and revise solution; previous stages can be continuously revised if the solution fails
certain requirements/can be improved
Stage 1: study and clarify problem
- identify stakeholders and needs
1. determine potential stakeholders
2. identify key stakeholders
3. engage key stakeholders and determine needs
Stakeholders
- anyone who is influenced by or can influence the project
- different stakeholders will have different and contradictory needs
, - there is a chance that not all stakeholders need to be consulted
- types of stakeholders: primary, secondary, tertiaryw
Needs
stakeholder wants/expectations of what the final design should need to do
- some needs are more important than others based on the stakeholder
Threshold needs
needs so obvious that stakeholders would not think to mention (assumed)
Latent needs
needs that stakeholders may not expect but would surprise and delight them if mentioned
Expressed needs
needs expressed by stakeholders
Universal design
creating solutions that are as inclusive of as many people as possible
- easily understood by everyone
- work for all users without requiring modifications or special training
Target design specifications
Precise, quantifiable description of what has to be in the design; developed from stakeholder
needs
- not all stakeholder needs can be met; sometimes sacrifices must be made
- Stage 3: solution identification -- SCORING
Requirements
"must-haves" of a design; if needs are not met, the design must be dropped or redesigned
- Stage 3: solution identification -- SCREENING
Evaluation criteria
criteria that measures level of stakeholder satisfaction, distinguishing different levels of
performance
- Stage 3: solution identification -- RANKING
Validation
