UNIT 1 EXAM REVIEW MICROBIOLOGY 2420 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

UNIT 1 EXAM REVIEW MICROBIOLOGY 2420 UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. Microorganism
Answer:
Organisms too small to be seen without magnification

Question:
2. Major groups of microorganisms
Answer:
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, helminths (worms), algae

Question:
3. Pathogen
Answer:
Disease-causing

Question:
4. Diseases that are most prevalent worldwide
Answer:
Respiratory infections, covid, AIDS, diarrheal diseases, TB

Question:
5. Diseases that are least prevalent
Answer:
Hepatitis B, tetanus, parasitic diseases

Question:
6. Diseases most prevalent in Tarrant County 2017
Answer:
Chlamydia, gonorrhea, salmonellosis, early syphilis, varicella (chicken pox/shingles)

Question:
7. Diseases least prevalent in Tarrant County 2017
Answer:
Strep. pneumoniae, pertussis (whooping cough), West Nile

Question:
8. Hippocrates
Answer:
Father of Western Medicine; believed in natural healing; rejected that disease was a punishment from the
gods; codified medical ethics and logical medical treatment

,Question:
9. Shen Nong
Answer:
Father of Eastern (Chinese) Medicine; may have been Emperor; discovered tea

Question:
10. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes
Answer:
American physician that advocated hand washing; observed that mothers of home births had fewer
infections than those who gave birth in hospitals

Question:
11. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Answer:
Dutch textile merchant that mass produced first practical microscopes; first to observe and sketch living
bacteria and protozoa, etc

Question:
12. Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis
Answer:
Hungarian doctor that correlated infections with physicians coming directly from autopsy to maternity
ward without washing hands; not accepted by medical community

Question:
13. Dr. Joseph Lister
Answer:
British surgeon that developed techniques reducing microbes in medical settings and preventing wound
infections via disinfection of the hands using chemicals/heat for sterilization; antiseptic bandages

Question:
14. Louis Pasteur
Answer:
French chemist that developed "pasteurization"; disproved spontaneous generation of microorganisms;
demonstrated germ theory

Question:
15. Robert Koch
Answer:
German physician that established ____'s Postulates; developed pure culture methods; identified cause of
anthrax, TB, cholera

Question:
16. Scientists credited with proving the Germ Theory of disease
Answer:
Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

, Question:
17. Step 1 in Koch's Postulates
Answer:
Isolate the microorganism from an infected host

Question:
18. Step 2 in Koch's Postulates
Answer:
Grow the microorganism in a pure culture to be identified

Question:
19. Step 3 in Koch's Postulates
Answer:
Inject the microorganism into a healthy host

Question:
20. Step 4 in Koch's Postulates
Answer:
Once the host is infected, isolate the microorganism again in another pure culture to confirm the same
organism was recovered

Question:
21. How to write microorganism names
Answer:
Genus (capitalized), species (lowercase); underlined or italicized

Question:
22. Proteins (example)
Answer:
Collagen (structure), enzymes (chem. reactions), insulin (hormone signaling), antibodies (immune
defense), keratin, cytokines (cell to cell communication)

Question:
23. Carbohydrates (example)
Answer:
Glucose, glycogen (energy storage in animals), starch (energy storage in plants), cellulose (plant cell wall
structural support)

Question:
24. Lipids (example)
Answer:
Triglycerides (energy storage), phospholipids (bilayer membranes), steroids

Question:
25. Nucleic acids (example)