NURS 5357 NEUROBIOLOGY EXAM 3
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS FULL
REVIEW
●● upper motor neurons
Answer: motor system that initiates voluntary movements and is
involved in complex spatiotemporal sequences of skilled movements
●● cerebellum
Answer: motor system that detects and attenuates the difference between
intended and executed movements; mediates real-time and long-term
reduction in motor errors
●● basal ganglia
Answer: motor system that suppresses unwanted movements and
prepares upper motor neuron circuits for initiation of movements
●● parkinson's
Answer: disease characterized by gradual loss of voluntary movements
●● huntington's
,Answer: disease characterized by increasing random, uncontrollable
jerking movements
●● upper motor neurons
Answer: type of neurons that the cerebellum and basal ganglia synapse
on
●● motor unit
Answer: made up of an alpha motor neuron/lower motor neuron and all
the muscle fibers it innervates
●● slow
Answer: type of motor unit that is involved in activities that require
sustained muscle contraction; characterized by slow contraction and
small force
●● fast fatigable
Answer: type of motor unit that involves larger neurons that generate
more force, but fatigue easily; important for brief exertions that require
large forces, like running and jumping
●● fast fatigue-resistant
Answer: type of motor unit that is resistant to fatigue; generates more
force then slow but less then fast
, ●● control of posture
Answer: local circuit neurons that run the entire length of the spinal cord
and connect the medial parts of the spinal cord gray matter are primarily
involved in which type of movement?
●● lateral ventral horn
Answer: where lower motor neurons are located
●● group II afferents
Answer: neurons that are responsible for muscle tone
●● group Ia afferent
Answer: neurons that send signal to lower motor neurons to contract
biceps and relax triceps
●● lower motor
Answer: neurons that receive signal from group Ia afferent neurons to
contract biceps and relax triceps
●● local circuit neurons
Answer: neurons that receive converging inputs from several different
sources before they relay signals to the muscles in the flexor reflex
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS FULL
REVIEW
●● upper motor neurons
Answer: motor system that initiates voluntary movements and is
involved in complex spatiotemporal sequences of skilled movements
●● cerebellum
Answer: motor system that detects and attenuates the difference between
intended and executed movements; mediates real-time and long-term
reduction in motor errors
●● basal ganglia
Answer: motor system that suppresses unwanted movements and
prepares upper motor neuron circuits for initiation of movements
●● parkinson's
Answer: disease characterized by gradual loss of voluntary movements
●● huntington's
,Answer: disease characterized by increasing random, uncontrollable
jerking movements
●● upper motor neurons
Answer: type of neurons that the cerebellum and basal ganglia synapse
on
●● motor unit
Answer: made up of an alpha motor neuron/lower motor neuron and all
the muscle fibers it innervates
●● slow
Answer: type of motor unit that is involved in activities that require
sustained muscle contraction; characterized by slow contraction and
small force
●● fast fatigable
Answer: type of motor unit that involves larger neurons that generate
more force, but fatigue easily; important for brief exertions that require
large forces, like running and jumping
●● fast fatigue-resistant
Answer: type of motor unit that is resistant to fatigue; generates more
force then slow but less then fast
, ●● control of posture
Answer: local circuit neurons that run the entire length of the spinal cord
and connect the medial parts of the spinal cord gray matter are primarily
involved in which type of movement?
●● lateral ventral horn
Answer: where lower motor neurons are located
●● group II afferents
Answer: neurons that are responsible for muscle tone
●● group Ia afferent
Answer: neurons that send signal to lower motor neurons to contract
biceps and relax triceps
●● lower motor
Answer: neurons that receive signal from group Ia afferent neurons to
contract biceps and relax triceps
●● local circuit neurons
Answer: neurons that receive converging inputs from several different
sources before they relay signals to the muscles in the flexor reflex
