NU 545: Patho Unit 1 Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What is metabolic absorption?
Correct Answer: The process by which cells take in and use nutrients from the
environment for energy production, growth, and maintenance.
Question 2.
What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction?
Correct Answer: Oxidases, specifically cytochrome oxidase in the mitochondria.
Question 3.
During cell injury, what is released that is capable of cellular autodigestion?
Correct Answer: digestive enzymes from lysosomes
Question 4.
Where is the genetic info contained in the cell?
Correct Answer:
Question 5.
Cell membranes contain which major chemical components?
Correct Answer: phospholipids, cholesterol, proteinsm and carbohydrates
Question 6.
What allows potassium to diffuse in and out of cells?
Correct Answer: Potassium leak channels.
Question 7.
How is the cell protected from injury?
Correct Answer: Through antioxidants, DNA repair enzymes, heat shock
proteins, membrane integrity, and immune surveillance.
Question 8.
In cirrhosis, what does cholesterol have to do with the erythrocytes?
Correct Answer:
Question 9.
What is platelet-derived growth factor?
Correct Answer: A family of molecules released from platelets (tiny pieces of
, cells that are found in the blood and that help the blood clot). Forms of
platelet-derived growth factor help to heal wounds and to repair damage to
blood vessel walls. They also help blood vessels grow. Also called PDGF.
Question 10.
1. What is cell communication? 2. How does it occur?
Correct Answer:
Question 11.
What is chemical signaling?
Correct Answer: The use of chemical messengers to communicate between cells.
Question 12.
How is glucose transported from the blood to the cell?
Correct Answer: Facilitated diffusionis a passive transport mechanism in which
carrier proteins shuttle molecules across the cell membrane without using the
cell's energy supplies.... The carrier proteins bind to glucose, which causes them
to change shape and translocate the glucose from one side of the membrane to
the other.
Question 13.
Understand the transportation of potassium and sodium across the plasma membranes.
Correct Answer:
Question 14.
What is active transport?
Correct Answer: Movement of substances against their concentration gradient,
requiring energy (ATP).
Question 15.
What are cytokines?
Correct Answer: Small signaling proteins that regulate the immune response,
inflammation, and cell communication.
Question 16.
Do all cells continue to replicate and divide?
Correct Answer: No, cells are categorized by replicative ability: labile, stable,
and permanent cells.
Question 17.
When normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining are replaced by
stratified squamous epithelial cells, the process is called?
Question 1.
What is metabolic absorption?
Correct Answer: The process by which cells take in and use nutrients from the
environment for energy production, growth, and maintenance.
Question 2.
What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction?
Correct Answer: Oxidases, specifically cytochrome oxidase in the mitochondria.
Question 3.
During cell injury, what is released that is capable of cellular autodigestion?
Correct Answer: digestive enzymes from lysosomes
Question 4.
Where is the genetic info contained in the cell?
Correct Answer:
Question 5.
Cell membranes contain which major chemical components?
Correct Answer: phospholipids, cholesterol, proteinsm and carbohydrates
Question 6.
What allows potassium to diffuse in and out of cells?
Correct Answer: Potassium leak channels.
Question 7.
How is the cell protected from injury?
Correct Answer: Through antioxidants, DNA repair enzymes, heat shock
proteins, membrane integrity, and immune surveillance.
Question 8.
In cirrhosis, what does cholesterol have to do with the erythrocytes?
Correct Answer:
Question 9.
What is platelet-derived growth factor?
Correct Answer: A family of molecules released from platelets (tiny pieces of
, cells that are found in the blood and that help the blood clot). Forms of
platelet-derived growth factor help to heal wounds and to repair damage to
blood vessel walls. They also help blood vessels grow. Also called PDGF.
Question 10.
1. What is cell communication? 2. How does it occur?
Correct Answer:
Question 11.
What is chemical signaling?
Correct Answer: The use of chemical messengers to communicate between cells.
Question 12.
How is glucose transported from the blood to the cell?
Correct Answer: Facilitated diffusionis a passive transport mechanism in which
carrier proteins shuttle molecules across the cell membrane without using the
cell's energy supplies.... The carrier proteins bind to glucose, which causes them
to change shape and translocate the glucose from one side of the membrane to
the other.
Question 13.
Understand the transportation of potassium and sodium across the plasma membranes.
Correct Answer:
Question 14.
What is active transport?
Correct Answer: Movement of substances against their concentration gradient,
requiring energy (ATP).
Question 15.
What are cytokines?
Correct Answer: Small signaling proteins that regulate the immune response,
inflammation, and cell communication.
Question 16.
Do all cells continue to replicate and divide?
Correct Answer: No, cells are categorized by replicative ability: labile, stable,
and permanent cells.
Question 17.
When normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining are replaced by
stratified squamous epithelial cells, the process is called?
