Nsg. 500 Module 6 Questions with Verified
Correct Answers
Prokaryote
-Unicellular organism with no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.
-Reproduce very quickly (unicellular)
-May have flagella
-Has a rigid cell wall for added protection
-Contain a single, circular chromosome
Eukaryote
-Contains a membrane-bound nucleus
-Contains membrane-bound organelles
-May be single- or multicellular
-Contain multiple linear chromosomes
Binary Fission
Process in which prokaryotes reproduce.
Name the steps in binary fission
1) Chromosome replication begins, soon thereafter, one copy of the origin of replication
moves rapidly toward the other end of the cell.
2) Replication continues, once copy of the origin is now at each end of the cell.
3) Replication finishes, the plasma membrane grows inward, and new cell wall is deposited.
4) Two daughter cells result.
How often can prokaryotes divide?
,1-3 hours
What are the major bacterial shapes?
Bacilli --> rods
Cocci --> spheres
Spirilla --> spirals
What are the major bacterial configurations?
"strep-" --> chains
"staph-" --> clusters
What does "diplo-" indicate?
pairs
What does "staphylo-" indicate?
clusters
What does "strepto-" indicate?
chains
What percentage of bacteria are harmful?
<1%
Transient microbiota
Microorganisms that may be present for days, weeks, or months and then disappear
Normal microbiota
Microorganisms that permanently colonize the host and do not cause disease under normal
conditions
, Human Microbiome Project
Analyzes the relationships between microbial communities on the body and human health
Do the types of bacteria vary depending on location on the body?
Microbes can colonize only those body sites that can supply the appropriate nutrients
What are some factors that affect what types of bacteria populate a specific site?
-nutrients
-physical & chemical factors
-host defenses
-mechanical factors
Symbiosis
The relationship bw normal microbiota and the host
Commensalism
One organism benefits and the other is unaffected (ex: skin bacteria)
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit (ex: e. Coli in the large intestine digest fiber & receive nutrients while
producing vitamins for us)
Parasitism
-One organism benefits at the expense of the other
-Disease-causing
Can normal microbiota ever cause disease?
Some normal microbiota are opportunistic pathogens (Ex: e. Coliin the urinary tract).
Correct Answers
Prokaryote
-Unicellular organism with no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.
-Reproduce very quickly (unicellular)
-May have flagella
-Has a rigid cell wall for added protection
-Contain a single, circular chromosome
Eukaryote
-Contains a membrane-bound nucleus
-Contains membrane-bound organelles
-May be single- or multicellular
-Contain multiple linear chromosomes
Binary Fission
Process in which prokaryotes reproduce.
Name the steps in binary fission
1) Chromosome replication begins, soon thereafter, one copy of the origin of replication
moves rapidly toward the other end of the cell.
2) Replication continues, once copy of the origin is now at each end of the cell.
3) Replication finishes, the plasma membrane grows inward, and new cell wall is deposited.
4) Two daughter cells result.
How often can prokaryotes divide?
,1-3 hours
What are the major bacterial shapes?
Bacilli --> rods
Cocci --> spheres
Spirilla --> spirals
What are the major bacterial configurations?
"strep-" --> chains
"staph-" --> clusters
What does "diplo-" indicate?
pairs
What does "staphylo-" indicate?
clusters
What does "strepto-" indicate?
chains
What percentage of bacteria are harmful?
<1%
Transient microbiota
Microorganisms that may be present for days, weeks, or months and then disappear
Normal microbiota
Microorganisms that permanently colonize the host and do not cause disease under normal
conditions
, Human Microbiome Project
Analyzes the relationships between microbial communities on the body and human health
Do the types of bacteria vary depending on location on the body?
Microbes can colonize only those body sites that can supply the appropriate nutrients
What are some factors that affect what types of bacteria populate a specific site?
-nutrients
-physical & chemical factors
-host defenses
-mechanical factors
Symbiosis
The relationship bw normal microbiota and the host
Commensalism
One organism benefits and the other is unaffected (ex: skin bacteria)
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit (ex: e. Coli in the large intestine digest fiber & receive nutrients while
producing vitamins for us)
Parasitism
-One organism benefits at the expense of the other
-Disease-causing
Can normal microbiota ever cause disease?
Some normal microbiota are opportunistic pathogens (Ex: e. Coliin the urinary tract).
