NURS 5220 EXAM 2 REVIEW
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS (A+
GUARANTEE)
1. A patient is prescribed an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Which electrolyte abnormality is
the most common side effect the nurse should monitor for?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of Angiotensin I to
Angiotensin II, which leads to decreased aldosterone secretion. Since aldosterone promotes
potassium excretion, blocking it results in potassium retention (hyperkalemia).
2. Which of the following medications is considered the gold standard for treating an acute
asthma exacerbation due to its rapid onset of action?
A. Salmeterol
B. Montelukast
C. Fluticasone
,D. Albuterol
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a Short-Acting Beta-Agonist (SABA) that causes
rapid bronchodilation. Salmeterol is a Long-Acting Beta-Agonist (LABA), Fluticasone is a
corticosteroid for maintenance, and Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist.
3. A patient taking Digoxin reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights. What should the
nurse suspect?
A. Normal therapeutic effect
B. Acute glaucoma
C. Digoxin toxicity
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Visual disturbances, specifically yellow-green halos, blurred
vision, or flickering lights, are classic signs of Digoxin toxicity, often accompanied by GI
symptoms and arrhythmias.
4. When administering Warfarin, which lab value is used to monitor the therapeutic
effectiveness and safety of the drug?
A. INR
B. Platelet count
, C. aPTT
D. Bleeding time
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The International Normalized Ratio (INR), derived from
Prothrombin Time (PT), is the standard monitoring tool for Warfarin. aPTT is used for
Heparin.
5. Which class of diuretics is most likely to cause ototoxicity, especially when administered
rapidly via IV?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Potassium-sparing diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Osmotic diuretics
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Loop diuretics like Furosemide can cause transient or
permanent hearing loss (ototoxicity), particularly at high doses or rapid IV infusion rates.
6. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes is prescribed Metformin. The nurse knows that this drug
must be held for 48 hours before and after which procedure?
A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
B. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS (A+
GUARANTEE)
1. A patient is prescribed an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Which electrolyte abnormality is
the most common side effect the nurse should monitor for?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of Angiotensin I to
Angiotensin II, which leads to decreased aldosterone secretion. Since aldosterone promotes
potassium excretion, blocking it results in potassium retention (hyperkalemia).
2. Which of the following medications is considered the gold standard for treating an acute
asthma exacerbation due to its rapid onset of action?
A. Salmeterol
B. Montelukast
C. Fluticasone
,D. Albuterol
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a Short-Acting Beta-Agonist (SABA) that causes
rapid bronchodilation. Salmeterol is a Long-Acting Beta-Agonist (LABA), Fluticasone is a
corticosteroid for maintenance, and Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist.
3. A patient taking Digoxin reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights. What should the
nurse suspect?
A. Normal therapeutic effect
B. Acute glaucoma
C. Digoxin toxicity
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Visual disturbances, specifically yellow-green halos, blurred
vision, or flickering lights, are classic signs of Digoxin toxicity, often accompanied by GI
symptoms and arrhythmias.
4. When administering Warfarin, which lab value is used to monitor the therapeutic
effectiveness and safety of the drug?
A. INR
B. Platelet count
, C. aPTT
D. Bleeding time
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The International Normalized Ratio (INR), derived from
Prothrombin Time (PT), is the standard monitoring tool for Warfarin. aPTT is used for
Heparin.
5. Which class of diuretics is most likely to cause ototoxicity, especially when administered
rapidly via IV?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Potassium-sparing diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Osmotic diuretics
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Loop diuretics like Furosemide can cause transient or
permanent hearing loss (ototoxicity), particularly at high doses or rapid IV infusion rates.
6. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes is prescribed Metformin. The nurse knows that this drug
must be held for 48 hours before and after which procedure?
A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
B. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
