,Test Bank For Genetics From Genes to Genomes
8th Edition by Charles Aquadro, Complete Latest
Solutions
Chapter 1 Genetics: The Study of Biological Information
1) How does DNA structure relate to its function?
- The order of nucleotides in a DNA strand specifies the order of amino acids in
aIprotein.
2) What is a difference between the structure of DNA and proteins?
- DNA is composed of nucleotides and proteins are composed of amino acids.
3) A genome can be best described as
- the DNA in all chromosomes in a cell.
4) What is the difference between the function of DNA and the function of proteins?
- DNA stores genetic information and proteins perform most cellular functions.
5) Which statement supports the theory that all organisms are related?
- The genetic code is almost universal.
6) New genes are thought to arise by which mechanism?
- Gene duplication followed by divergence due to mutation.
7) What is the most likely way a mutation in one gene can convert one body part to
another?
- The mutated gene encodes a protein that affects the expression of many other
genes.
8) A recent technical advancement that has accelerated the study of genomes is the
abilityto
- sequence large complex genomes rapidly and inexpensively.
9) What is the difference between genetic dissection and genome sequencing?
- Genetic dissection reveals information about one gene at a time and
genomesequencing reveals information about all the genes in a genome at once.
10) Currently, what information can be obtained from sequencing an individual's genome?
- Information about gene variants that predispose a person to a disease, such
asIcancer.
11) Which is not a potential problem of allowing the genomic sequences of individuals
tobecome widely available?
, - Advances leading to healthier lives for some people.
12) One strand of DNA has the sequence 5′ GGTCTA 3′. What is the sequence of the
otherstrand?
- 5′ TAGACC 3′
13) Which statement is true about the structure of DNA?
- The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by base pairing.
14) The size of the mouse (M. musculus) genome is 2700 megabases (Mb) and it
contains about 25,000 genes arranged on 40 chromosomes. If the genes are evenly
distributed on chromosomes in the mouse, what is the average number of genes per
chromosome?
- 625
15) Which statement about the structure of proteins is false?
- Most proteins consist of two amino acid polymers attached together by hydrogen
bonding.
16) Which is a structural feature shared by DNA, RNA, and proteins?
- The order of monomers is important for function.
17) A segment of a protein has the amino acid sequence Ser—Gly—Leu. Is it possible
toinfer the sequence of the RNA that encodes this amino acid sequence?
No; more than one type of RNA (more than one base sequence) could encode this
aminoacid sequence.
18) A sequence of bases in the middle of an RNA used to encode a polypeptide has the
, sequence UUA—AUG— ci
CGU. Is it possible to infer the sequence of the amino acids encoded by this RNA?
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
- Yes, the sequence is Leu—Met—Arg.
ci ci ci ci
19) Mutation of a mouse gene results in mice that lack heart muscle. What characteristic
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
would you expect to find in a human gene that has a common origin with this mouse gene
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
?
- The human and mouse genes will specify proteins with similar amino a
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
cidsequences.
20) A mouse gene was identified and determined to be required for formation of heart
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
muscle. A gene with a similar sequence was identified in the human genome. What exp
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
eriment could scientists do to determine if the mouse and human genes have similarfun
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
ctions?
- The scientist could place the normal human gene into mutant mice to see if h
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
eartmuscle forms in the mouse. ci ci ci ci
21) A sequence of amino acids found in a subunit of the ATP synthase enzyme in several sp
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
ecies is shown below. Which amino acids are likely to be most important to the function of A
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
TP synthase?
ci
- Those that are shaded dark blue because the amino acids are identical between s
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
pecies.
8th Edition by Charles Aquadro, Complete Latest
Solutions
Chapter 1 Genetics: The Study of Biological Information
1) How does DNA structure relate to its function?
- The order of nucleotides in a DNA strand specifies the order of amino acids in
aIprotein.
2) What is a difference between the structure of DNA and proteins?
- DNA is composed of nucleotides and proteins are composed of amino acids.
3) A genome can be best described as
- the DNA in all chromosomes in a cell.
4) What is the difference between the function of DNA and the function of proteins?
- DNA stores genetic information and proteins perform most cellular functions.
5) Which statement supports the theory that all organisms are related?
- The genetic code is almost universal.
6) New genes are thought to arise by which mechanism?
- Gene duplication followed by divergence due to mutation.
7) What is the most likely way a mutation in one gene can convert one body part to
another?
- The mutated gene encodes a protein that affects the expression of many other
genes.
8) A recent technical advancement that has accelerated the study of genomes is the
abilityto
- sequence large complex genomes rapidly and inexpensively.
9) What is the difference between genetic dissection and genome sequencing?
- Genetic dissection reveals information about one gene at a time and
genomesequencing reveals information about all the genes in a genome at once.
10) Currently, what information can be obtained from sequencing an individual's genome?
- Information about gene variants that predispose a person to a disease, such
asIcancer.
11) Which is not a potential problem of allowing the genomic sequences of individuals
tobecome widely available?
, - Advances leading to healthier lives for some people.
12) One strand of DNA has the sequence 5′ GGTCTA 3′. What is the sequence of the
otherstrand?
- 5′ TAGACC 3′
13) Which statement is true about the structure of DNA?
- The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by base pairing.
14) The size of the mouse (M. musculus) genome is 2700 megabases (Mb) and it
contains about 25,000 genes arranged on 40 chromosomes. If the genes are evenly
distributed on chromosomes in the mouse, what is the average number of genes per
chromosome?
- 625
15) Which statement about the structure of proteins is false?
- Most proteins consist of two amino acid polymers attached together by hydrogen
bonding.
16) Which is a structural feature shared by DNA, RNA, and proteins?
- The order of monomers is important for function.
17) A segment of a protein has the amino acid sequence Ser—Gly—Leu. Is it possible
toinfer the sequence of the RNA that encodes this amino acid sequence?
No; more than one type of RNA (more than one base sequence) could encode this
aminoacid sequence.
18) A sequence of bases in the middle of an RNA used to encode a polypeptide has the
, sequence UUA—AUG— ci
CGU. Is it possible to infer the sequence of the amino acids encoded by this RNA?
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
- Yes, the sequence is Leu—Met—Arg.
ci ci ci ci
19) Mutation of a mouse gene results in mice that lack heart muscle. What characteristic
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
would you expect to find in a human gene that has a common origin with this mouse gene
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
?
- The human and mouse genes will specify proteins with similar amino a
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
cidsequences.
20) A mouse gene was identified and determined to be required for formation of heart
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
muscle. A gene with a similar sequence was identified in the human genome. What exp
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
eriment could scientists do to determine if the mouse and human genes have similarfun
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
ctions?
- The scientist could place the normal human gene into mutant mice to see if h
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
eartmuscle forms in the mouse. ci ci ci ci
21) A sequence of amino acids found in a subunit of the ATP synthase enzyme in several sp
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
ecies is shown below. Which amino acids are likely to be most important to the function of A
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
TP synthase?
ci
- Those that are shaded dark blue because the amino acids are identical between s
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci
pecies.
