Bio 112 Exam 3 Verified Exam Questions and Answers Latest update
2026/2027
Question:
Phylogenetic tree
Answer:
A diagram showing evolutionary relationships.
Question:
Organisms more closely related
Answer:
Organisms on the same branch of a phylogenetic tree.
Question:
Nodes in a phylogenetic tree
Answer:
Nodes represent the most common ancestor of two descendant groups.
Question:
Phylogenetic tree provides a hypothesis
Answer:
True.
Question:
Sister groups
Answer:
Groups that are more closely related to each other.
Question:
Monophyletic group
Answer:
A group that includes all descendants of a common ancestor.
Question:
Fossils provide evidence
Answer:
True.
, Question:
Shared derived characters (Synapomorphies)
Answer:
Only these are useful in constructing a phylogenetic tree.
Question:
Order of levels of Linnaean Taxonomy
Answer:
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
Question:
Differences between monophyletic and paraphyletic groups
Answer:
Monophyletic groups include all descendants of a common ancestor; paraphyletic groups include
some but not all descendants.
Question:
Monophyletic vs paraphyletic vs polyphyletic groups
Answer:
Monophyletic groups include all descendants of a common ancestor; paraphyletic groups include
some but not all descendants; polyphyletic groups include organisms from distinct groups based on
shared, convergent characters, and do NOT include a common ancestor.
Question:
Primary bacteria shapes
Answer:
Bacillus (rod), Coccus (sphere), Spirillus (spiral).
Question:
Kingdom that increased from 4 to 7 sections
Answer:
Protista.
Question:
Two Prokaryotic Domains
Answer:
Bacteria & Archaea.
2026/2027
Question:
Phylogenetic tree
Answer:
A diagram showing evolutionary relationships.
Question:
Organisms more closely related
Answer:
Organisms on the same branch of a phylogenetic tree.
Question:
Nodes in a phylogenetic tree
Answer:
Nodes represent the most common ancestor of two descendant groups.
Question:
Phylogenetic tree provides a hypothesis
Answer:
True.
Question:
Sister groups
Answer:
Groups that are more closely related to each other.
Question:
Monophyletic group
Answer:
A group that includes all descendants of a common ancestor.
Question:
Fossils provide evidence
Answer:
True.
, Question:
Shared derived characters (Synapomorphies)
Answer:
Only these are useful in constructing a phylogenetic tree.
Question:
Order of levels of Linnaean Taxonomy
Answer:
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
Question:
Differences between monophyletic and paraphyletic groups
Answer:
Monophyletic groups include all descendants of a common ancestor; paraphyletic groups include
some but not all descendants.
Question:
Monophyletic vs paraphyletic vs polyphyletic groups
Answer:
Monophyletic groups include all descendants of a common ancestor; paraphyletic groups include
some but not all descendants; polyphyletic groups include organisms from distinct groups based on
shared, convergent characters, and do NOT include a common ancestor.
Question:
Primary bacteria shapes
Answer:
Bacillus (rod), Coccus (sphere), Spirillus (spiral).
Question:
Kingdom that increased from 4 to 7 sections
Answer:
Protista.
Question:
Two Prokaryotic Domains
Answer:
Bacteria & Archaea.
