NUR 210 EXAM 2: FLUID,
ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE, AND
CARDIAC PHARMACOLOGY
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(CHAMBERLAIN) 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
1. A patient’s ABG results are pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, and HCO3 26 mEq/L. Which
condition does this reflect?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. A PaCO2 above 45 mmHg
with a normal HCO3 indicates the cause is respiratory.
2. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse prioritize in a patient with a potassium level
of 6.2 mEq/L?
A. Muscle weakness
,B. Abdominal cramping
C. Tall, peaked T waves on ECG
D. Hypoactive bowel sounds
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0) can lead to lethal cardiac arrhythmias;
peaked T waves are an early sign of cardiac toxicity.
3. A patient with heart failure is receiving Furosemide. Which electrolyte imbalance is this
patient at highest risk for?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes the excretion of
sodium, water, and potassium.
4. The nurse notes a positive Chvostek’s sign in a post-thyroidectomy patient. Which lab
value is most likely?
A. Sodium 130 mEq/L
B. Calcium 7.2 mg/dL
, C. Magnesium 2.5 mEq/L
D. Potassium 3.1 mEq/L
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Chvostek’s sign (facial twitching) is a classic sign of
hypocalcemia, often occurring after parathyroid damage during thyroid surgery.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of Spironolactone?
A. Inhibition of the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter
B. Blockade of Beta-1 receptors
C. Antagonism of aldosterone receptors
D. Activation of ACE enzymes
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that works by
blocking aldosterone, leading to sodium excretion and potassium retention.
6. A patient presents with a serum sodium of 118 mEq/L. Which nursing intervention is the
priority?
A. Encouraging increased oral water intake
B. Administering 0.45% Normal Saline
C. Implementing seizure precautions
ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE, AND
CARDIAC PHARMACOLOGY
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(CHAMBERLAIN) 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
1. A patient’s ABG results are pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, and HCO3 26 mEq/L. Which
condition does this reflect?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. A PaCO2 above 45 mmHg
with a normal HCO3 indicates the cause is respiratory.
2. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse prioritize in a patient with a potassium level
of 6.2 mEq/L?
A. Muscle weakness
,B. Abdominal cramping
C. Tall, peaked T waves on ECG
D. Hypoactive bowel sounds
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0) can lead to lethal cardiac arrhythmias;
peaked T waves are an early sign of cardiac toxicity.
3. A patient with heart failure is receiving Furosemide. Which electrolyte imbalance is this
patient at highest risk for?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes the excretion of
sodium, water, and potassium.
4. The nurse notes a positive Chvostek’s sign in a post-thyroidectomy patient. Which lab
value is most likely?
A. Sodium 130 mEq/L
B. Calcium 7.2 mg/dL
, C. Magnesium 2.5 mEq/L
D. Potassium 3.1 mEq/L
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Chvostek’s sign (facial twitching) is a classic sign of
hypocalcemia, often occurring after parathyroid damage during thyroid surgery.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of Spironolactone?
A. Inhibition of the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter
B. Blockade of Beta-1 receptors
C. Antagonism of aldosterone receptors
D. Activation of ACE enzymes
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that works by
blocking aldosterone, leading to sodium excretion and potassium retention.
6. A patient presents with a serum sodium of 118 mEq/L. Which nursing intervention is the
priority?
A. Encouraging increased oral water intake
B. Administering 0.45% Normal Saline
C. Implementing seizure precautions
