ANSC 221 Final Exam 2 Questions with
All Actual Answers 2026-2027 Updated.
where is fat digested, primarily, and how? What is needed to do a good job? - Answer 1.
occurs in small intestine
2. bile needed to do a good job because it emulsifies that fat which allows enzymes that digest
fat to get to it more easily
Why don't the protein digesting enzymes digest the cells that make them? - Answer pepsin is
in inactive form when secreted
how is carbohydrate digestion different between ruminant and non-ruminant animal - Answer
1. ruminants: the CHO digestion occurs by bacterial metabolism and they are converted to VFA's
which are directly absorbed into the blood stream and account for a huge percentage of the
energy consumed
2. non ruminants: they are converted to disaccharides and then to monosaccharides in the cell
and then used for energy.
how is digestion of protein different in the ruminant than the non ruminant? - Answer 1. non
ruminant: digestion occurs by pepsin and other pancreatic enzymes secreted in small intestine
2. ruminant: microbes break down, remodel, and manufacture essential amino acids and utilize
NPN
NPN - Answer nonprotein nitrogen
why is NPN useless to non-ruminants - Answer it is absorbed in the small intestine and
excreted via the kidney, rather than being available in the cecum where it's needed
method to determine value of feedstuff - Answer proximate analysis
TDN - Answer 1. total digestible nutrients
2. index of energy on carbohydrate bases
3. digestible CP + digestible CF + digestible NFE + digestible EE (2.25)
how do we determine value of feedstuff proteins - Answer determining digestibility and
biological value
gross energy - Answer 1. all energy in a feed
, 2. not all available to an animal
3. depends on how much heat is liberated upon combustion
digestible energy - Answer 1. energy that does not end up in feces
2. absorbed by animal
3. not all used by animal, some is lost
metabolizable energy - Answer 1. energy that is left over after accounting for energy in feces,
urine, and gases
2. still not all available for animal to use
net energy - Answer 1. energy that is left after accounting for losses to feces, urine, gases, and
heat increment
2. energy that is amiable for animal to use
heat increment - Answer energy lost in fermentation and metabolic process
why is fat of more value in the summer when it's hot? - Answer fat has a lower heat increment
than carbs
how could 2 feeds have same TDN and DE values but be of different energy use to the animal? -
Answer 2 feed have different digestibility
how could a feed have little protein value even though it has a high biological value - Answer
feed has a low digestibility
how could a feed have little protein value even though it's digestibility is high - Answer feed
has a low biological value
what does biological value depend on - Answer essential amino acid balance
examples of NPN - Answer 1. urea
2. ammonia
who uses NPN - Answer ruminants
why do feed corn to livestock - Answer 1. high in energy
All Actual Answers 2026-2027 Updated.
where is fat digested, primarily, and how? What is needed to do a good job? - Answer 1.
occurs in small intestine
2. bile needed to do a good job because it emulsifies that fat which allows enzymes that digest
fat to get to it more easily
Why don't the protein digesting enzymes digest the cells that make them? - Answer pepsin is
in inactive form when secreted
how is carbohydrate digestion different between ruminant and non-ruminant animal - Answer
1. ruminants: the CHO digestion occurs by bacterial metabolism and they are converted to VFA's
which are directly absorbed into the blood stream and account for a huge percentage of the
energy consumed
2. non ruminants: they are converted to disaccharides and then to monosaccharides in the cell
and then used for energy.
how is digestion of protein different in the ruminant than the non ruminant? - Answer 1. non
ruminant: digestion occurs by pepsin and other pancreatic enzymes secreted in small intestine
2. ruminant: microbes break down, remodel, and manufacture essential amino acids and utilize
NPN
NPN - Answer nonprotein nitrogen
why is NPN useless to non-ruminants - Answer it is absorbed in the small intestine and
excreted via the kidney, rather than being available in the cecum where it's needed
method to determine value of feedstuff - Answer proximate analysis
TDN - Answer 1. total digestible nutrients
2. index of energy on carbohydrate bases
3. digestible CP + digestible CF + digestible NFE + digestible EE (2.25)
how do we determine value of feedstuff proteins - Answer determining digestibility and
biological value
gross energy - Answer 1. all energy in a feed
, 2. not all available to an animal
3. depends on how much heat is liberated upon combustion
digestible energy - Answer 1. energy that does not end up in feces
2. absorbed by animal
3. not all used by animal, some is lost
metabolizable energy - Answer 1. energy that is left over after accounting for energy in feces,
urine, and gases
2. still not all available for animal to use
net energy - Answer 1. energy that is left after accounting for losses to feces, urine, gases, and
heat increment
2. energy that is amiable for animal to use
heat increment - Answer energy lost in fermentation and metabolic process
why is fat of more value in the summer when it's hot? - Answer fat has a lower heat increment
than carbs
how could 2 feeds have same TDN and DE values but be of different energy use to the animal? -
Answer 2 feed have different digestibility
how could a feed have little protein value even though it has a high biological value - Answer
feed has a low digestibility
how could a feed have little protein value even though it's digestibility is high - Answer feed
has a low biological value
what does biological value depend on - Answer essential amino acid balance
examples of NPN - Answer 1. urea
2. ammonia
who uses NPN - Answer ruminants
why do feed corn to livestock - Answer 1. high in energy
