NURS 5461 EXAM SCRIPT VERIFIED
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
REVIEW
●● Normocytic Anemia
Answer: Due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MCV
80-92
●● Microcytic Anemia
Answer: Iron deficiency, usually due to malabsorption/occult blood loss,
or lead poisoning. MCV <80
●● Macrocytic Anemia
Answer: Due to folate or vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency
(megaloblastic anemia)/pernicious anemia/liver diseases
●● Serum Ferritin
Answer: Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and
serum iron levels will eventually fall.
●● Anemia of Chronic Disease
Answer: Normocytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and normal
iron stores. Treat with epoetin and give an iron supplement
,●● Schistocytes
Answer: Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome
●● Pernicious Anemia
Answer: Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is
essential to maturation of erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC
to expand. PPIs and histamine2 blockers can cause this.
●● Increased Homocysteine & Methylmalonic Acid Level
Answer: Indicates B12 deficiency
●● Increased Homocysteine Levels
Answer: Folate deficiency
●● Spherocytes
Answer: Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter,
indicate immune-mediated process - can be seen after blood transfusion
●● Aplastic Anemia
Answer: Failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells
●● Low Ferritin
, Answer: Iron Deficiency Anemia
●● Transferrin
Answer: Transports Iron
●● TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity)
Answer: Available transferrin that is left unbound. Reflects iron levels.
●● MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration)
Answer: Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC
●● Alzheimer's Disease
Answer: Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common
form of dementia.
●● Lewy Body Dementia
Answer: Rapidly progressive dementia seen with Parkinson syndrome.
Visual hallucinations present.
●● Frontal Lobe Dementia
Answer: Personality impairments before age 60. PDG-PET Scan testing.
●● PDG-PET Scan
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
REVIEW
●● Normocytic Anemia
Answer: Due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MCV
80-92
●● Microcytic Anemia
Answer: Iron deficiency, usually due to malabsorption/occult blood loss,
or lead poisoning. MCV <80
●● Macrocytic Anemia
Answer: Due to folate or vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency
(megaloblastic anemia)/pernicious anemia/liver diseases
●● Serum Ferritin
Answer: Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and
serum iron levels will eventually fall.
●● Anemia of Chronic Disease
Answer: Normocytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and normal
iron stores. Treat with epoetin and give an iron supplement
,●● Schistocytes
Answer: Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome
●● Pernicious Anemia
Answer: Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is
essential to maturation of erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC
to expand. PPIs and histamine2 blockers can cause this.
●● Increased Homocysteine & Methylmalonic Acid Level
Answer: Indicates B12 deficiency
●● Increased Homocysteine Levels
Answer: Folate deficiency
●● Spherocytes
Answer: Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter,
indicate immune-mediated process - can be seen after blood transfusion
●● Aplastic Anemia
Answer: Failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells
●● Low Ferritin
, Answer: Iron Deficiency Anemia
●● Transferrin
Answer: Transports Iron
●● TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity)
Answer: Available transferrin that is left unbound. Reflects iron levels.
●● MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration)
Answer: Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC
●● Alzheimer's Disease
Answer: Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common
form of dementia.
●● Lewy Body Dementia
Answer: Rapidly progressive dementia seen with Parkinson syndrome.
Visual hallucinations present.
●● Frontal Lobe Dementia
Answer: Personality impairments before age 60. PDG-PET Scan testing.
●● PDG-PET Scan
