Pediatric Nursing Exam 2 Questions and Verified Answers
,infant and young children are more susceptible to infection due to:
immature responses of the immune systems
Newborn displays a decreased inflammatory response to invading organisms contributing
to:
an increased risk for infection
cellular immunity is:
generally functional at birth
Humoral immunity occurs:
when the body encounters and then develops immunity to new diseases
The infants risk of infection is higher due to:
the infant having limited exposure to disease and is losing passive immunity acquired from
maternal antibodies
In pediatrics disease protection from immunization id often:
incomplete
,Granulocytes
first line of defense, phagocytic cells (AKA polymorphonuclear leukocytes)
Neutrophils
first responders to infectious agents - immature are bands, mature are segments
Eosinophils
Primary response to infection. also big player in asthma
Basophils
allergic response
Lymphocytes
produce and maintain immune response; B cell, T cell, and natural killer types
Monocytes
second line of defense - responds to larger and more severe infections
, Types of infectious diseases
Bacterial infections, viral infection (rabies, viral exanthems), Zoonotic infections (rabies),
vector-borne infections (Lyme disease), Parasitic and helminthic infections (head lice
[pediculosis capitis], roundworm), sexually transmitted diseases
Stages of infectious disease
incubation, prodrome, illness, convalescence
Incubation
time from the entrance of pathogen to first symptom, pathogen is actively multiplying
prodrome
time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue, malaise) to more specific
symptoms of the disease
Illness
signs and symptoms of disease are clearly evident
Convalescence
acute symptoms begin to disappear
Chain of infection
infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of transmission - portal of entry -
susceptible host
,infant and young children are more susceptible to infection due to:
immature responses of the immune systems
Newborn displays a decreased inflammatory response to invading organisms contributing
to:
an increased risk for infection
cellular immunity is:
generally functional at birth
Humoral immunity occurs:
when the body encounters and then develops immunity to new diseases
The infants risk of infection is higher due to:
the infant having limited exposure to disease and is losing passive immunity acquired from
maternal antibodies
In pediatrics disease protection from immunization id often:
incomplete
,Granulocytes
first line of defense, phagocytic cells (AKA polymorphonuclear leukocytes)
Neutrophils
first responders to infectious agents - immature are bands, mature are segments
Eosinophils
Primary response to infection. also big player in asthma
Basophils
allergic response
Lymphocytes
produce and maintain immune response; B cell, T cell, and natural killer types
Monocytes
second line of defense - responds to larger and more severe infections
, Types of infectious diseases
Bacterial infections, viral infection (rabies, viral exanthems), Zoonotic infections (rabies),
vector-borne infections (Lyme disease), Parasitic and helminthic infections (head lice
[pediculosis capitis], roundworm), sexually transmitted diseases
Stages of infectious disease
incubation, prodrome, illness, convalescence
Incubation
time from the entrance of pathogen to first symptom, pathogen is actively multiplying
prodrome
time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue, malaise) to more specific
symptoms of the disease
Illness
signs and symptoms of disease are clearly evident
Convalescence
acute symptoms begin to disappear
Chain of infection
infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of transmission - portal of entry -
susceptible host
