Milady Standard Esthetics Chapter 2 Exam 2027 |
Anatomy & Physiology | Practice Questions &
Correct Answers | Complete Exam Prep
1. Why is knowledge of anatomy and physiology important to an esthetician?
A. It eliminates the need for client consultation
B. It helps the esthetician understand how services affect the body
C. It allows the esthetician to diagnose medical diseases
D. It replaces knowledge of skin care products
Correct Answer: B. It helps the esthetician understand how services affect the body
Rationale: Understanding body structures and functions helps an esthetician perform services
safely and understand how treatments interact with tissues and body systems.
2. Anatomy is the study of:
A. Body functions
B. Body structures
C. Diseases only
D. Chemical reactions only
Correct Answer: B. Body structures
Rationale: Anatomy focuses on the physical structures of the body.
3. Physiology is the study of:
A. Body functions
B. Body regions only
C. Skin products
D. Bones only
Correct Answer: A. Body functions
Rationale: Physiology explains how cells, tissues, organs, and systems function.
,4. Histology is the study of:
A. Muscles
B. Tissues under microscopic examination
C. Bones
D. Body movements
Correct Answer: B. Tissues under microscopic examination
Rationale: Histology is the study of tissues and their microscopic organization.
5. What is the basic structural and functional unit of the body?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. System
Correct Answer: C. Cell
Rationale: Cells are the fundamental living units from which tissues and organs are formed.
6. Which substance makes up the living material of cells?
A. Protoplasm
B. Keratin
C. Calcium
D. Collagen
Correct Answer: A. Protoplasm
Rationale: Protoplasm refers to the living material within cells.
7. Which structure controls many activities of the cell?
A. Cell membrane
B. Nucleus
C. Cytoplasm only
D. Cell wall
Correct Answer: B. Nucleus
Rationale: The nucleus contains genetic material and regulates many cellular activities.
,8. What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
A. Producing bones
B. Controlling movement of substances into and out of the cell
C. Producing blood
D. Contracting muscles
Correct Answer: B. Controlling movement of substances into and out of the cell
Rationale: The cell membrane forms the cell boundary and regulates exchange with the
surrounding environment.
9. The process by which one cell divides to produce two daughter cells is called:
A. Diffusion
B. Mitosis
C. Digestion
D. Filtration
Correct Answer: B. Mitosis
Rationale: Mitosis is the process of cell division that produces two daughter cells.
10. How many daughter cells normally result from one completed mitotic division?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
Correct Answer: B. Two
Rationale: Mitosis produces two daughter cells.
11. Which of the following is one of the four basic tissue types?
A. Epithelial
B. Skeletal
C. Circulatory
D. Digestive
, Correct Answer: A. Epithelial
Rationale: The four basic tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
12. Which tissue type covers surfaces and lines body cavities?
A. Muscle tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Bone tissue
Correct Answer: C. Epithelial tissue
Rationale: Epithelial tissue covers external surfaces and lines many internal surfaces and
cavities.
13. Which tissue type primarily supports, connects, and protects body structures?
A. Connective tissue
B. Epithelial tissue
C. Nervous tissue
D. Muscle tissue
Correct Answer: A. Connective tissue
Rationale: Connective tissue provides support, connection, protection, and structural
organization.
14. Which tissue type is specialized for contraction?
A. Nervous
B. Muscle
C. Epithelial
D. Connective
Correct Answer: B. Muscle
Rationale: Muscle tissue contracts to produce movement.
15. Which tissue type is specialized for communication and transmission of electrical signals?
A. Epithelial
Anatomy & Physiology | Practice Questions &
Correct Answers | Complete Exam Prep
1. Why is knowledge of anatomy and physiology important to an esthetician?
A. It eliminates the need for client consultation
B. It helps the esthetician understand how services affect the body
C. It allows the esthetician to diagnose medical diseases
D. It replaces knowledge of skin care products
Correct Answer: B. It helps the esthetician understand how services affect the body
Rationale: Understanding body structures and functions helps an esthetician perform services
safely and understand how treatments interact with tissues and body systems.
2. Anatomy is the study of:
A. Body functions
B. Body structures
C. Diseases only
D. Chemical reactions only
Correct Answer: B. Body structures
Rationale: Anatomy focuses on the physical structures of the body.
3. Physiology is the study of:
A. Body functions
B. Body regions only
C. Skin products
D. Bones only
Correct Answer: A. Body functions
Rationale: Physiology explains how cells, tissues, organs, and systems function.
,4. Histology is the study of:
A. Muscles
B. Tissues under microscopic examination
C. Bones
D. Body movements
Correct Answer: B. Tissues under microscopic examination
Rationale: Histology is the study of tissues and their microscopic organization.
5. What is the basic structural and functional unit of the body?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. System
Correct Answer: C. Cell
Rationale: Cells are the fundamental living units from which tissues and organs are formed.
6. Which substance makes up the living material of cells?
A. Protoplasm
B. Keratin
C. Calcium
D. Collagen
Correct Answer: A. Protoplasm
Rationale: Protoplasm refers to the living material within cells.
7. Which structure controls many activities of the cell?
A. Cell membrane
B. Nucleus
C. Cytoplasm only
D. Cell wall
Correct Answer: B. Nucleus
Rationale: The nucleus contains genetic material and regulates many cellular activities.
,8. What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
A. Producing bones
B. Controlling movement of substances into and out of the cell
C. Producing blood
D. Contracting muscles
Correct Answer: B. Controlling movement of substances into and out of the cell
Rationale: The cell membrane forms the cell boundary and regulates exchange with the
surrounding environment.
9. The process by which one cell divides to produce two daughter cells is called:
A. Diffusion
B. Mitosis
C. Digestion
D. Filtration
Correct Answer: B. Mitosis
Rationale: Mitosis is the process of cell division that produces two daughter cells.
10. How many daughter cells normally result from one completed mitotic division?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
Correct Answer: B. Two
Rationale: Mitosis produces two daughter cells.
11. Which of the following is one of the four basic tissue types?
A. Epithelial
B. Skeletal
C. Circulatory
D. Digestive
, Correct Answer: A. Epithelial
Rationale: The four basic tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
12. Which tissue type covers surfaces and lines body cavities?
A. Muscle tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Bone tissue
Correct Answer: C. Epithelial tissue
Rationale: Epithelial tissue covers external surfaces and lines many internal surfaces and
cavities.
13. Which tissue type primarily supports, connects, and protects body structures?
A. Connective tissue
B. Epithelial tissue
C. Nervous tissue
D. Muscle tissue
Correct Answer: A. Connective tissue
Rationale: Connective tissue provides support, connection, protection, and structural
organization.
14. Which tissue type is specialized for contraction?
A. Nervous
B. Muscle
C. Epithelial
D. Connective
Correct Answer: B. Muscle
Rationale: Muscle tissue contracts to produce movement.
15. Which tissue type is specialized for communication and transmission of electrical signals?
A. Epithelial
