Nursing Test & Nutrition MCQs Complete Practice Exam | BMR, Diet Therapy, Pain Management, Sleep Hygiene & Self-Management | Updated

Nursing Test & Nutrition MCQs Complete `` `` `` `` `` ``




Practice Exam BMR, Diet Therapy, Pain `` ```` `` `` `` ``




Management, Sleep Hygiene & `` `` `` ``




SelfManagement Complete Q&A with ` `` `` ``




Rationales for Certification Success `` `` `` ``




(2026–2027Updated)
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SECTION A: BASAL METABOLIC RATE & ENERGY BALANCE
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(Questions 1-30) `` ``




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Question 1 `` ``




What is the definition of Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
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A) The total energy expended during physical activity
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B) The energy required to maintain basic physiological functions at r
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est ``




C) The energy required to digest and absorb food
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D) The energy expended during exercise
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Answer: B) The energy required to maintain basic physiological
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functions at rest `` `` ``

,Rationale: BMR is the minimum energy required to sustain vital
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` bodily functions (breathing, circulation, cellular metabolism) at rest i
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n a thermoneutral environment. It represents the largest component
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` of total energy expenditure in most individuals . Factors such as
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` age, gender, body composition, and genetics influence BMR .
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Question 2 `` ``




Which of the following factors increases BMR?
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A) Aging ``




B) Fever ``




C) Starvation ``




D) Hypothyroidism ``




Answer: B) Fever `` `` ``




Rationale: Fever increases BMR by approximately 7% for each 1°F
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(0.56°C) increase in temperature due to increased metabolic
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` activity during immune response. Aging, starvation, and
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hypothyroidism decrease BMR. Other factors that increase BMR `` `` `` `` `` `` `` ``




include hyperthyroidism, pregnancy, and growth periods .
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,Question 3 `` ``




A patient with a BMR of 1,400 kcal/day has a total energy
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` expenditure of 2,100 kcal/day. What is the approximate energy `` `` `` `` `` `` `` `` `




` cost of physical activity and thermic effect of food?
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A) 300 kcal/day `` ``




B) 500 kcal/day `` ``




C) 700 kcal/day `` ``




D) 900 kcal/day `` ``




Answer: C) 700 kcal/day `` `` `` ``




Rationale: Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) = BMR (60-75%) + `` `` `` `` `` `` `` `` ``




Physical Activity (15- `` ``




35%) + Thermic Effect of Food (TEF) (510%) . TEE (2,100) -
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`` BMR (1,400) = 700 kcal/day, representing physical activity and TE
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F . This is consistent with a moderately active lifestyle.
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Question 4 `` ``




A patient asks the nurse what happens to BMR with aging. The nurse's
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`` best response is:
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A) BMR remains constant throughout life `` `` `` `` ``




B) BMR increases with age due to higher fat stores
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C) BMR decreases with age due to loss of lean muscle mass
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, D) BMR decreases with age due to lower body temperature
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Answer: C) BMR decreases with age due to loss of lean muscle mass
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Rationale: BMR declines with age primarily due to sarcopenia (loss o `` `` `` `` `` `` `` `` `` ``




f skeletal muscle mass). Muscle tissue is more metabolically active tha
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n adipose tissue. The decline is approximately 1-
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2% per decade after age 30 . This contributes to lower energy need
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s in older adults .
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Question 5 `` ``




What is the thermic effect of food (TEF)?
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A) The energy required to maintain body temperature B) Th
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e energy required for digestion, absorption, and metabolis
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m of nutrients
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C) The energy required for physical activity
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D) The energy required for cellular respiration
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Answer: B) The energy required for digestion, absorption, and met
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abolism of nutrients `` `` ``




Rationale: TEF represents the energy used to digest, absorb, transp `` `` `` `` `` `` `` `` ``




ort, and metabolize nutrients . It accounts for
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