,Test Bank - Chapter 01 ANSWER KEY
30 questions
01 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A student observes a cell under the microscope. The cell has supercoiled DNA with
histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
(A) A single circular chromosome
(B) A nucleus — Correct
(C) Free-floating nuclear material
(D) No organelles
02 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when a cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
(A) Metabolic absorption
(B) Communication
(C) Secretion
(D) Respiration — Correct
03 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
(A) Mitochondria
(B) Ribosome
(C) Nucleolus — Correct
(D) Nucleus cytoplasm
04 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
bilayer itself?
(A) Peripheral membrane proteins
(B) Integral membrane proteins — Correct
(C) Glycoproteins
(D) Cell adhesion molecules
05 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
(A) Oxygen
1/7
, (B) Ribosomes
(C) Amphipathic lipids
(D) Ligands — Correct
06 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alteration in the
extracellular matrix would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer?
(A) Decreased fibronectin — Correct
(B) Increased collagen
(C) Decreased elastin
(D) Increased glycoproteins
07 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical
contact?
(A) Cell junction — Correct
(B) Gap junction
(C) Desmosome
(D) Tight junction
08 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits the secretion of glucagon from
neighboring alpha cells. Which signaling type is this action an example of?
(A) Paracrine — Correct
(B) Autocrine
(C) Neurohormonal
(D) Hormonal
09 MULTIPLE CHOICE
In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
(A) solute.
(B) substrate. — Correct
(C) receptor.
(D) ribosome.
10 MULTIPLE CHOICE
An athlete runs a marathon, after which their muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract.
The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based on the
2/7
,knowledge that the problem is the result of a deficiency of:
(A) GTP.
(B) AMP.
(C) ATP. — Correct
(D) GMP.
11 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
(A) Digestion
(B) Glycolysis
(C) Oxidation
(D) Citric acid cycle — Correct
12 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is teaching the staff about the phases of cellular catabolism. Which phases
should the nurse include?
(A) Digestion, glycolysis, oxidation, and the citric acid cycle — Correct
(B) Diffusion, osmosis, and mediated transport
(C) S phase, G phase, and M phase
(D) Metabolic absorption, respiration, and excretion
13 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following
will facilitate their continued muscle performance?
(A) Electron-transport chain
(B) Aerobic glycolysis
(C) Anaerobic glycolysis — Correct
(D) Oxidative phosphorylation
14 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term for the movement of a
solute from an area of greater to lesser concentration through a permeable membrane.
Which answer indicates the nursing student understood the teaching?
(A) Osmosis
(B) Diffusion — Correct
(C) Hydrostatic pressure
(D) Active transport
3/7
,15 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which description accurately describes electrolytes?
(A) Small lipid-soluble molecules
(B) Large protein molecules
(C) Micronutrients used to produce ATP
(D) Electrically charged molecules — Correct
16 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is reading a patient chart and sees the term “oncotic pressure”. The nurse recalls
that oncotic pressure (aka, colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
(A) the concentration of sodium.
(B) plasma proteins. — Correct
(C) hydrostatic pressure.
(D) the availability of membrane transporter proteins.
17 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result measures:
(A) osmolality. — Correct
(B) osmolarity.
(C) osmotic pressure.
(D) oncotic pressure.
18 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary
membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid
movement is the nurse describing?
(A) Hydrostatic pressure — Correct
(B) Osmosis
(C) Diffusion
(D) Active transport
19 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Potassium and sodium are transported across plasma membranes by:
(A) passive electrolyte channels.
(B) coupled channels.
(C) adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase). — Correct
(D) diffusion.
4/7
,20 MULTIPLE CHOICE
The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport?
(A) Biport
(B) Uniport
(C) Antiport
(D) Symport — Correct
21 MULTIPLE CHOICE
During which process are bacteria engulfed for ingestion and destruction?
(A) Endocytosis
(B) Pinocytosis
(C) Phagocytosis — Correct
(D) Exocytosis
22 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Some cancer drugs work during the cell cycle phase where nuclear and cytoplasmic
divisions occur. What is this cell cycle phase called?
(A) G1
(B) S
(C) M — Correct
(D) G2
23 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential?
(A) Potassium gates open, and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential
from negative to positive.
(B) Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential
from negative to positive. — Correct
(C) Sodium gates close, allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from
positive to negative.
(D) Potassium gates close, allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from
positive to negative.
24 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following occurs during the final stages of repolarization to re-establish
resting membrane potential?
5/7
, (A) K+ moves into the cell, making the inside of the cell more negative. — Correct
(B) Na+ moves into the cell, making the inside of the cell more positive.
(C) Na+ -K+ pump stops functioning to maintain a positive membrane charge.
(D) Na+ and K+ both move into the cell to maintain a neutral membrane charge.
25 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse teaching the staff about the actions of growth factors includes information that
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates the production of:
(A) platelets.
(B) epidermal cells.
(C) connective tissue cells. — Correct
(D) fibroblast cells.
26 MULTIPLE CHOICE
The phase of the cell cycle during which centromeres split and sister chromatids are
pulled apart is referred to as:
(A) anaphase. — Correct
(B) telophase.
(C) prophase.
(D) metaphase.
27 MULTIPLE CHOICE
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?
(A) Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development. — Correct
(B) Block the progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle.
(C) Restrain cell growth and development.
(D) Provide nutrients for cell growth and development.
28 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A student is reviewing cell functions. The student would be correct in identifying a chief
function of the nerve cell as:
(A) sensory interpretation.
(B) conductivity. — Correct
(C) maintenance of homeostasis.
(D) communication.
29 MULTIPLE CHOICE (MULTI-ANSWER)
A nurse recalls that the basic types of tissues include: (Select all that apply.)
6/7
, (A) neural. — Correct
(B) epithelial. — Correct
(C) mucosal. — Correct
(D) connective. — Correct
(E) skeletal. — Correct
(F) muscle. — Correct
30 MULTIPLE CHOICE (MULTI-ANSWER)
Characteristics of prokaryotes include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
(A) They contain no organelles. — Correct
(B) Their nuclear material is not encased by a nuclear membrane. — Correct
(C) They contain a distinct nucleus. — Correct
(D) They contain histones. — Correct
(E) They contain a cellular membrane. — Correct
7/7
30 questions
01 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A student observes a cell under the microscope. The cell has supercoiled DNA with
histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
(A) A single circular chromosome
(B) A nucleus — Correct
(C) Free-floating nuclear material
(D) No organelles
02 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when a cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
(A) Metabolic absorption
(B) Communication
(C) Secretion
(D) Respiration — Correct
03 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
(A) Mitochondria
(B) Ribosome
(C) Nucleolus — Correct
(D) Nucleus cytoplasm
04 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
bilayer itself?
(A) Peripheral membrane proteins
(B) Integral membrane proteins — Correct
(C) Glycoproteins
(D) Cell adhesion molecules
05 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
(A) Oxygen
1/7
, (B) Ribosomes
(C) Amphipathic lipids
(D) Ligands — Correct
06 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alteration in the
extracellular matrix would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer?
(A) Decreased fibronectin — Correct
(B) Increased collagen
(C) Decreased elastin
(D) Increased glycoproteins
07 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical
contact?
(A) Cell junction — Correct
(B) Gap junction
(C) Desmosome
(D) Tight junction
08 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits the secretion of glucagon from
neighboring alpha cells. Which signaling type is this action an example of?
(A) Paracrine — Correct
(B) Autocrine
(C) Neurohormonal
(D) Hormonal
09 MULTIPLE CHOICE
In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
(A) solute.
(B) substrate. — Correct
(C) receptor.
(D) ribosome.
10 MULTIPLE CHOICE
An athlete runs a marathon, after which their muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract.
The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based on the
2/7
,knowledge that the problem is the result of a deficiency of:
(A) GTP.
(B) AMP.
(C) ATP. — Correct
(D) GMP.
11 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
(A) Digestion
(B) Glycolysis
(C) Oxidation
(D) Citric acid cycle — Correct
12 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is teaching the staff about the phases of cellular catabolism. Which phases
should the nurse include?
(A) Digestion, glycolysis, oxidation, and the citric acid cycle — Correct
(B) Diffusion, osmosis, and mediated transport
(C) S phase, G phase, and M phase
(D) Metabolic absorption, respiration, and excretion
13 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following
will facilitate their continued muscle performance?
(A) Electron-transport chain
(B) Aerobic glycolysis
(C) Anaerobic glycolysis — Correct
(D) Oxidative phosphorylation
14 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term for the movement of a
solute from an area of greater to lesser concentration through a permeable membrane.
Which answer indicates the nursing student understood the teaching?
(A) Osmosis
(B) Diffusion — Correct
(C) Hydrostatic pressure
(D) Active transport
3/7
,15 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which description accurately describes electrolytes?
(A) Small lipid-soluble molecules
(B) Large protein molecules
(C) Micronutrients used to produce ATP
(D) Electrically charged molecules — Correct
16 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is reading a patient chart and sees the term “oncotic pressure”. The nurse recalls
that oncotic pressure (aka, colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
(A) the concentration of sodium.
(B) plasma proteins. — Correct
(C) hydrostatic pressure.
(D) the availability of membrane transporter proteins.
17 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result measures:
(A) osmolality. — Correct
(B) osmolarity.
(C) osmotic pressure.
(D) oncotic pressure.
18 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary
membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid
movement is the nurse describing?
(A) Hydrostatic pressure — Correct
(B) Osmosis
(C) Diffusion
(D) Active transport
19 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Potassium and sodium are transported across plasma membranes by:
(A) passive electrolyte channels.
(B) coupled channels.
(C) adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase). — Correct
(D) diffusion.
4/7
,20 MULTIPLE CHOICE
The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport?
(A) Biport
(B) Uniport
(C) Antiport
(D) Symport — Correct
21 MULTIPLE CHOICE
During which process are bacteria engulfed for ingestion and destruction?
(A) Endocytosis
(B) Pinocytosis
(C) Phagocytosis — Correct
(D) Exocytosis
22 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Some cancer drugs work during the cell cycle phase where nuclear and cytoplasmic
divisions occur. What is this cell cycle phase called?
(A) G1
(B) S
(C) M — Correct
(D) G2
23 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential?
(A) Potassium gates open, and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential
from negative to positive.
(B) Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential
from negative to positive. — Correct
(C) Sodium gates close, allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from
positive to negative.
(D) Potassium gates close, allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from
positive to negative.
24 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following occurs during the final stages of repolarization to re-establish
resting membrane potential?
5/7
, (A) K+ moves into the cell, making the inside of the cell more negative. — Correct
(B) Na+ moves into the cell, making the inside of the cell more positive.
(C) Na+ -K+ pump stops functioning to maintain a positive membrane charge.
(D) Na+ and K+ both move into the cell to maintain a neutral membrane charge.
25 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A nurse teaching the staff about the actions of growth factors includes information that
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates the production of:
(A) platelets.
(B) epidermal cells.
(C) connective tissue cells. — Correct
(D) fibroblast cells.
26 MULTIPLE CHOICE
The phase of the cell cycle during which centromeres split and sister chromatids are
pulled apart is referred to as:
(A) anaphase. — Correct
(B) telophase.
(C) prophase.
(D) metaphase.
27 MULTIPLE CHOICE
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?
(A) Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development. — Correct
(B) Block the progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle.
(C) Restrain cell growth and development.
(D) Provide nutrients for cell growth and development.
28 MULTIPLE CHOICE
A student is reviewing cell functions. The student would be correct in identifying a chief
function of the nerve cell as:
(A) sensory interpretation.
(B) conductivity. — Correct
(C) maintenance of homeostasis.
(D) communication.
29 MULTIPLE CHOICE (MULTI-ANSWER)
A nurse recalls that the basic types of tissues include: (Select all that apply.)
6/7
, (A) neural. — Correct
(B) epithelial. — Correct
(C) mucosal. — Correct
(D) connective. — Correct
(E) skeletal. — Correct
(F) muscle. — Correct
30 MULTIPLE CHOICE (MULTI-ANSWER)
Characteristics of prokaryotes include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
(A) They contain no organelles. — Correct
(B) Their nuclear material is not encased by a nuclear membrane. — Correct
(C) They contain a distinct nucleus. — Correct
(D) They contain histones. — Correct
(E) They contain a cellular membrane. — Correct
7/7
