PNH 301 Final Exam | Questions and Answers
| 2026 Updated | 100% Correct - Seneca
College.
PNH 301 Final Exam
100 Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales | 2026 Updated | Seneca
College
Number of Questions: 100
Time Allowed: 120 minutes
Format: Multiple choice (single best answer) and Select All That Apply (SATA)
Answer Key & Rationales: Provided after each question
SECTION 1: HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS
1. In a severely anemic patient, the nurse would expect to find:
A) Dyspnea and tachycardia
B) Cyanosis and pulmonary edema
C) Cardiomegaly and pulmonary fibrosis
D) Ventricular dysrhythmias and wheezing
Answer: A. Dyspnea and tachycardia
,Rationale: Severe anemia reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to
compensatory tachycardia and dyspnea as the body attempts to deliver adequate
oxygen to tissues .
2. When obtaining assessment data from a client with a microcytic, hypochromic
anemia, what would the nurse question the client about?
A) Folic acid intake
B) Dietary intake of iron
C) History of gastric surgery
D) History of sickle cell anemia
Answer: B. Dietary intake of iron
Rationale: Microcytic, hypochromic anemia is characteristic of iron deficiency
anemia. The nurse should assess dietary iron intake, as this is the most common
cause .
3. Nursing interventions for a client with severe anemia related to peptic ulcer
disease include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Giving instructions in high-iron diet
B) Taking vital signs every 8 hours
C) Monitoring stools for occult blood
D) Teaching self-injection of erythropoietin
E) Administering cobalamin (Vitamin B12) injections
Answer: A, C
Rationale: A high-iron diet and monitoring stools for occult blood are appropriate
interventions for anemia related to peptic ulcer disease. Erythropoietin and B12
injections are not first-line for this type of anemia .
,4. Which nursing management actions apply for a client in sickle cell crisis?
(Select all that apply.)
A) Monitoring CBC
B) Providing optimal pain management and O₂ therapy
C) Doing blood transfusions if required and iron chelation
D) Recommending rest as needed and DVT prophylaxis
E) Administering IV iron and a diet high in iron content
Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale: Sickle cell crisis management includes monitoring CBC, providing
optimal pain management and oxygen therapy, blood transfusions with iron
chelation if required, and rest with DVT prophylaxis. IV iron is not indicated in
sickle cell crisis .
5. The healthcare provider prescribes levothyroxine (Synthroid) for a client with
myxedema. After teaching regarding this drug, the nurse determines that
further instruction is needed when the client says which of the following?
A) "I can expect the medication dose may need to be adjusted"
B) "I only need to take this drug until my symptoms are improved"
C) "I can expect to return to normal function with the use of this drug"
D) "I will report any chest pain or difficulty breathing to the doctor right away"
Answer: B. "I only need to take this drug until my symptoms are improved"
Rationale: Levothyroxine is lifelong treatment for hypothyroidism. The client
should not stop taking the medication when symptoms improve .
6. Which of the following are important nursing interventions when caring for a
patient with Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
A) Restrict protein intake
B) Monitor blood glucose levels
, C) Observing signs of hypotension
D) Administer medication in equal doses
E) Protect the client from exposure to infection
Answer: B, E
Rationale: Monitoring blood glucose levels and protecting the client from
infection are important nursing interventions for Cushing's syndrome. Clients with
Cushing's are at risk for hyperglycemia and infection due to immunosuppression .
7. A patient reports they do not eat enough iodine in their diet. What condition
are they most susceptible to?
A) Pheochromocytoma
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Thyroid Storm
D) Hypothyroidism
Answer: D. Hypothyroidism
Rationale: Iodine helps make T3 and T4. If a person does not consume enough
iodine, they are at risk for developing hypothyroidism .
8. A patient has an extremely high T3 and T4 level. Which of the following signs
and symptoms DO NOT present with this condition?
A) Weight loss
B) Intolerance to heat
C) Smooth skin
D) Hair loss
Answer: D. Hair loss
Rationale: Hair loss is not a typical sign of hyperthyroidism. Weight loss, heat
intolerance, and smooth skin are common manifestations of elevated thyroid
hormones .
| 2026 Updated | 100% Correct - Seneca
College.
PNH 301 Final Exam
100 Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales | 2026 Updated | Seneca
College
Number of Questions: 100
Time Allowed: 120 minutes
Format: Multiple choice (single best answer) and Select All That Apply (SATA)
Answer Key & Rationales: Provided after each question
SECTION 1: HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS
1. In a severely anemic patient, the nurse would expect to find:
A) Dyspnea and tachycardia
B) Cyanosis and pulmonary edema
C) Cardiomegaly and pulmonary fibrosis
D) Ventricular dysrhythmias and wheezing
Answer: A. Dyspnea and tachycardia
,Rationale: Severe anemia reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to
compensatory tachycardia and dyspnea as the body attempts to deliver adequate
oxygen to tissues .
2. When obtaining assessment data from a client with a microcytic, hypochromic
anemia, what would the nurse question the client about?
A) Folic acid intake
B) Dietary intake of iron
C) History of gastric surgery
D) History of sickle cell anemia
Answer: B. Dietary intake of iron
Rationale: Microcytic, hypochromic anemia is characteristic of iron deficiency
anemia. The nurse should assess dietary iron intake, as this is the most common
cause .
3. Nursing interventions for a client with severe anemia related to peptic ulcer
disease include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Giving instructions in high-iron diet
B) Taking vital signs every 8 hours
C) Monitoring stools for occult blood
D) Teaching self-injection of erythropoietin
E) Administering cobalamin (Vitamin B12) injections
Answer: A, C
Rationale: A high-iron diet and monitoring stools for occult blood are appropriate
interventions for anemia related to peptic ulcer disease. Erythropoietin and B12
injections are not first-line for this type of anemia .
,4. Which nursing management actions apply for a client in sickle cell crisis?
(Select all that apply.)
A) Monitoring CBC
B) Providing optimal pain management and O₂ therapy
C) Doing blood transfusions if required and iron chelation
D) Recommending rest as needed and DVT prophylaxis
E) Administering IV iron and a diet high in iron content
Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale: Sickle cell crisis management includes monitoring CBC, providing
optimal pain management and oxygen therapy, blood transfusions with iron
chelation if required, and rest with DVT prophylaxis. IV iron is not indicated in
sickle cell crisis .
5. The healthcare provider prescribes levothyroxine (Synthroid) for a client with
myxedema. After teaching regarding this drug, the nurse determines that
further instruction is needed when the client says which of the following?
A) "I can expect the medication dose may need to be adjusted"
B) "I only need to take this drug until my symptoms are improved"
C) "I can expect to return to normal function with the use of this drug"
D) "I will report any chest pain or difficulty breathing to the doctor right away"
Answer: B. "I only need to take this drug until my symptoms are improved"
Rationale: Levothyroxine is lifelong treatment for hypothyroidism. The client
should not stop taking the medication when symptoms improve .
6. Which of the following are important nursing interventions when caring for a
patient with Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
A) Restrict protein intake
B) Monitor blood glucose levels
, C) Observing signs of hypotension
D) Administer medication in equal doses
E) Protect the client from exposure to infection
Answer: B, E
Rationale: Monitoring blood glucose levels and protecting the client from
infection are important nursing interventions for Cushing's syndrome. Clients with
Cushing's are at risk for hyperglycemia and infection due to immunosuppression .
7. A patient reports they do not eat enough iodine in their diet. What condition
are they most susceptible to?
A) Pheochromocytoma
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Thyroid Storm
D) Hypothyroidism
Answer: D. Hypothyroidism
Rationale: Iodine helps make T3 and T4. If a person does not consume enough
iodine, they are at risk for developing hypothyroidism .
8. A patient has an extremely high T3 and T4 level. Which of the following signs
and symptoms DO NOT present with this condition?
A) Weight loss
B) Intolerance to heat
C) Smooth skin
D) Hair loss
Answer: D. Hair loss
Rationale: Hair loss is not a typical sign of hyperthyroidism. Weight loss, heat
intolerance, and smooth skin are common manifestations of elevated thyroid
hormones .
