BIOL251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I
w/Lab 2025 | Module 1-9 & Final Exam Review
|100 Questions and Answers Summary
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BIOL 251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I
Modules 1–9 Comprehensive Practice Exam
100 Questions with Detailed Rationales
Instructions: This comprehensive practice exam covers all nine modules of BIOL
251. Each question includes the correct answer and a detailed rationale. Bold
italic text highlights key terms.
SECTION 1: Module 1 — Introduction to A&P, Chemistry & Cells
1. The study of the function of body parts is called:
• A) Anatomy
• B) Physiology
• C) Histology
• D) Cytology
,Answer: B) Physiology
Rationale: Physiology is the study of how body parts function. Anatomy is the
study of structure.
2. Which body plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
• A) Transverse plane
• B) Frontal plane
• C) Midsagittal plane
• D) Coronal plane
Answer: C) Midsagittal plane
Rationale: The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.
A sagittal plane divides it into unequal right and left portions.
3. The term "distal" means:
• A) Closer to the trunk
• B) Farther from the trunk or point of attachment
• C) Toward the front
• D) Toward the back
Answer: B) Farther from the trunk or point of attachment
Rationale: Distal indicates a structure is farther from the point of
attachment. Proximal means closer.
4. Which subatomic particle has no charge?
• A) Proton
• B) Neutron
, • C) Electron
• D) Ion
Answer: B) Neutron
Rationale: Neutrons are neutral particles in the nucleus. Protons are positive,
and electrons are negative.
5. The four most abundant elements in the human body are:
• A) Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen
• B) Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
• C) Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen
• D) Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen
Answer: B) Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
Rationale: Oxygen (65%), Carbon (18.5%), Hydrogen (9.5%), and Nitrogen
(3.2%) make up over 96% of body mass.
6. Which organelle is the site of ATP production?
• A) Ribosome
• B) Mitochondrion
• C) Golgi apparatus
• D) Lysosome
Answer: B) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration.
7. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down waste?
• A) Ribosome
, • B) Lysosome
• C) Smooth ER
• D) Proteasome
Answer: B) Lysosome
Rationale: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. Malfunction causes Tay-Sachs
disease.
8. The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is:
• A) Diffusion
• B) Osmosis
• C) Active transport
• D) Phagocytosis
Answer: B) Osmosis
Rationale: Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane.
9. Which type of transport requires ATP?
• A) Diffusion
• B) Osmosis
• C) Active transport
• D) Facilitated diffusion
Answer: C) Active transport
Rationale: Active transport requires ATP to move substances against their
concentration gradient.
w/Lab 2025 | Module 1-9 & Final Exam Review
|100 Questions and Answers Summary
|LockDown Browser |Portage Learning
BIOL 251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I
Modules 1–9 Comprehensive Practice Exam
100 Questions with Detailed Rationales
Instructions: This comprehensive practice exam covers all nine modules of BIOL
251. Each question includes the correct answer and a detailed rationale. Bold
italic text highlights key terms.
SECTION 1: Module 1 — Introduction to A&P, Chemistry & Cells
1. The study of the function of body parts is called:
• A) Anatomy
• B) Physiology
• C) Histology
• D) Cytology
,Answer: B) Physiology
Rationale: Physiology is the study of how body parts function. Anatomy is the
study of structure.
2. Which body plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
• A) Transverse plane
• B) Frontal plane
• C) Midsagittal plane
• D) Coronal plane
Answer: C) Midsagittal plane
Rationale: The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.
A sagittal plane divides it into unequal right and left portions.
3. The term "distal" means:
• A) Closer to the trunk
• B) Farther from the trunk or point of attachment
• C) Toward the front
• D) Toward the back
Answer: B) Farther from the trunk or point of attachment
Rationale: Distal indicates a structure is farther from the point of
attachment. Proximal means closer.
4. Which subatomic particle has no charge?
• A) Proton
• B) Neutron
, • C) Electron
• D) Ion
Answer: B) Neutron
Rationale: Neutrons are neutral particles in the nucleus. Protons are positive,
and electrons are negative.
5. The four most abundant elements in the human body are:
• A) Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen
• B) Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
• C) Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen
• D) Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen
Answer: B) Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
Rationale: Oxygen (65%), Carbon (18.5%), Hydrogen (9.5%), and Nitrogen
(3.2%) make up over 96% of body mass.
6. Which organelle is the site of ATP production?
• A) Ribosome
• B) Mitochondrion
• C) Golgi apparatus
• D) Lysosome
Answer: B) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration.
7. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down waste?
• A) Ribosome
, • B) Lysosome
• C) Smooth ER
• D) Proteasome
Answer: B) Lysosome
Rationale: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. Malfunction causes Tay-Sachs
disease.
8. The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is:
• A) Diffusion
• B) Osmosis
• C) Active transport
• D) Phagocytosis
Answer: B) Osmosis
Rationale: Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane.
9. Which type of transport requires ATP?
• A) Diffusion
• B) Osmosis
• C) Active transport
• D) Facilitated diffusion
Answer: C) Active transport
Rationale: Active transport requires ATP to move substances against their
concentration gradient.
