HONORS BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW -
SOLVED
autotroph - ANSWER-organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals
and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a
producer
biosphere - ANSWER-part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air
or atmosphere
community - ANSWER-assemblage of different populations that live together in a
defined area
consumer - ANSWER-organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and
food supply; also called a heterotroph
ecology - ANSWER-scientific study of interactions among organisms and between
organisms and their environment
ecosystem - ANSWER-collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place,
together with their nonliving environment
food chain - ANSWER-series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer
energy by eating and being eaten
food web - ANSWER-network of complex interactions formed by the feeding
relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem
heterotroph - ANSWER-organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes;
also called a consumer
population - ANSWER-group of individuals of the same species that live in the same
area
producer - ANSWER-organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals
and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph
species - ANSWER-group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile
offspring
trophic level - ANSWER-step in a food chain or food web
abiotic factors - ANSWER-physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem
,biotic factors - ANSWER-biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem
commensalisms - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which one member of the
association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
mutalism - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the
relationship
niche - ANSWER-full range of physical and biological conditions in which an
organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
predation - ANSWER-interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on
another organism
parasitism - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on
another organism (the host) and consequently harms it
pioneer species - ANSWER-first species to populate an area during primary
succession
primary succession - ANSWER-succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil
exists
symbiosis - ANSWER-relationship in which two species live closely together
carrying capacity - ANSWER-largest number of individuals of a population that a
given environment can support
emigration - ANSWER-movement of individuals out of an area
exponential growth - ANSWER-growth pattern in which the individuals in a
population reproduce at a constant rate
immigration - ANSWER-movement of individuals into an area occupied by an
existing population
logistic growth - ANSWER-growth pattern in which a population's growth rate slows
or stops following a period of exponential growth
population density - ANSWER-number of individuals per unit of area
gene pool - ANSWER-combined genetic information of all the members of a
particular population
genetic drift - ANSWER-random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small
populations
genetic equilibrium - ANSWER-situation in which allele frequencies remain constant
, speciation - ANSWER-formation of new species
acid rain - ANSWER-rain containing nitric and sulfuric acids
biodiversity - ANSWER-biological diversity; the sum total of the variety of
organisms in the biosphere
biological magnification - ANSWER-increasing concentration of a harmful substance
in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web
invasive species - ANSWER-plants and animals that have migrated to places where
they are not native
nonrenewable resource - ANSWER-resource that cannot be replenished by natural
processes
renewable resource - ANSWER-resource that can regenerate quickly and that is
replaceable
ATP - ANSWER-one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to
store and release energy
Calvin cycle - ANSWER-reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and
NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars
chloroplast - ANSWER-organelle found in cells of plants and some other organism
that uses energy from the sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules by
photosynthesis
chlorophyll - ANSWER-principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic
organisms; captures light energy
grana - ANSWER-stack of thylakoids. (stack of pancakes)
light dependent reactions - ANSWER-reactions of photosynthesis that use energy
from light to produce ATP and NADPH
NADPH - ANSWER-high energy electrons used to help build a variety of molecules
the cell needs, like carbohydrates like glucose
photosystem I - ANSWER-light-collecting units of the chloroplast
stroma - ANSWER-region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts
thylakoids - ANSWER-saclike photosynthetic membrane found in chloroplasts
ATP synthase - ANSWER-large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP
SOLVED
autotroph - ANSWER-organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals
and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a
producer
biosphere - ANSWER-part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air
or atmosphere
community - ANSWER-assemblage of different populations that live together in a
defined area
consumer - ANSWER-organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and
food supply; also called a heterotroph
ecology - ANSWER-scientific study of interactions among organisms and between
organisms and their environment
ecosystem - ANSWER-collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place,
together with their nonliving environment
food chain - ANSWER-series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer
energy by eating and being eaten
food web - ANSWER-network of complex interactions formed by the feeding
relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem
heterotroph - ANSWER-organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes;
also called a consumer
population - ANSWER-group of individuals of the same species that live in the same
area
producer - ANSWER-organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals
and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph
species - ANSWER-group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile
offspring
trophic level - ANSWER-step in a food chain or food web
abiotic factors - ANSWER-physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem
,biotic factors - ANSWER-biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem
commensalisms - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which one member of the
association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
mutalism - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the
relationship
niche - ANSWER-full range of physical and biological conditions in which an
organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
predation - ANSWER-interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on
another organism
parasitism - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on
another organism (the host) and consequently harms it
pioneer species - ANSWER-first species to populate an area during primary
succession
primary succession - ANSWER-succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil
exists
symbiosis - ANSWER-relationship in which two species live closely together
carrying capacity - ANSWER-largest number of individuals of a population that a
given environment can support
emigration - ANSWER-movement of individuals out of an area
exponential growth - ANSWER-growth pattern in which the individuals in a
population reproduce at a constant rate
immigration - ANSWER-movement of individuals into an area occupied by an
existing population
logistic growth - ANSWER-growth pattern in which a population's growth rate slows
or stops following a period of exponential growth
population density - ANSWER-number of individuals per unit of area
gene pool - ANSWER-combined genetic information of all the members of a
particular population
genetic drift - ANSWER-random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small
populations
genetic equilibrium - ANSWER-situation in which allele frequencies remain constant
, speciation - ANSWER-formation of new species
acid rain - ANSWER-rain containing nitric and sulfuric acids
biodiversity - ANSWER-biological diversity; the sum total of the variety of
organisms in the biosphere
biological magnification - ANSWER-increasing concentration of a harmful substance
in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web
invasive species - ANSWER-plants and animals that have migrated to places where
they are not native
nonrenewable resource - ANSWER-resource that cannot be replenished by natural
processes
renewable resource - ANSWER-resource that can regenerate quickly and that is
replaceable
ATP - ANSWER-one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to
store and release energy
Calvin cycle - ANSWER-reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and
NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars
chloroplast - ANSWER-organelle found in cells of plants and some other organism
that uses energy from the sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules by
photosynthesis
chlorophyll - ANSWER-principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic
organisms; captures light energy
grana - ANSWER-stack of thylakoids. (stack of pancakes)
light dependent reactions - ANSWER-reactions of photosynthesis that use energy
from light to produce ATP and NADPH
NADPH - ANSWER-high energy electrons used to help build a variety of molecules
the cell needs, like carbohydrates like glucose
photosystem I - ANSWER-light-collecting units of the chloroplast
stroma - ANSWER-region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts
thylakoids - ANSWER-saclike photosynthetic membrane found in chloroplasts
ATP synthase - ANSWER-large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP
