Leadership Final Exam – Comprehensive Exam
Questions & 100% Verified Answers |
Leadership Principles, Management &
Decision-Making | 2026–2027
, Power -involves the capacity of one party (the agent) to influence another party (target)
-usually used to describe the absolute capacity of an individual agent to influence
the behavior or attitudes of one or more designated target person at a given point in
time
Authority -involves the rights, prerogatives, obligations, and duties associated with particular
positions in an organization or social system
-involves the right of the agent to exercise control over things, such as money,
resources, equipment, and materials, and this control is another type of power
Scope of authority range of requests that can properly be made and the range of actions that can
properly be taken
Different types of influence processes proposed by Kelman instrumental compliance, internalization, and personal identification
Instrumental compliance target person carries out a requested action for the purpose of obtaining a tangible
reward or avoiding a punishment controlled by the agent
Internalization target person becomes committed to support and implement proposals espoused
by the agent because they appear to be intrinsically desirable and correct in relation
to the target's values, beliefs, and self-image, commitment occurs
Personal identification target person imitates the agent's behavior or adopts the same attitudes to please
the agent and to be like the agent
Different influence outcome commitment, compliance, and resistance
Commitment outcome when the target person makes a great effort to carry out the request or
implement the decision effectively, more successful for a difficult task
compliance outcome when the target person is willing to carry out a request but is apathetic
rather than enthusiastic about it and will make only a minimal effort
Resistance outcome when the target person is opposed to the proposal or request rather than
merely indifferent about it, regarded as an unsuccessful outcome, affect
interpersonal relationships and the way other people perceive the agent
Power sources expert power, referent power, legitimate power, reward power, and coercive power
Legitimate power -power stemming from formal authority
-amount related to one's scope of authority
-Compliance is more likely for members who identify with the organization and are
loyal to it, internalized value
Questions & 100% Verified Answers |
Leadership Principles, Management &
Decision-Making | 2026–2027
, Power -involves the capacity of one party (the agent) to influence another party (target)
-usually used to describe the absolute capacity of an individual agent to influence
the behavior or attitudes of one or more designated target person at a given point in
time
Authority -involves the rights, prerogatives, obligations, and duties associated with particular
positions in an organization or social system
-involves the right of the agent to exercise control over things, such as money,
resources, equipment, and materials, and this control is another type of power
Scope of authority range of requests that can properly be made and the range of actions that can
properly be taken
Different types of influence processes proposed by Kelman instrumental compliance, internalization, and personal identification
Instrumental compliance target person carries out a requested action for the purpose of obtaining a tangible
reward or avoiding a punishment controlled by the agent
Internalization target person becomes committed to support and implement proposals espoused
by the agent because they appear to be intrinsically desirable and correct in relation
to the target's values, beliefs, and self-image, commitment occurs
Personal identification target person imitates the agent's behavior or adopts the same attitudes to please
the agent and to be like the agent
Different influence outcome commitment, compliance, and resistance
Commitment outcome when the target person makes a great effort to carry out the request or
implement the decision effectively, more successful for a difficult task
compliance outcome when the target person is willing to carry out a request but is apathetic
rather than enthusiastic about it and will make only a minimal effort
Resistance outcome when the target person is opposed to the proposal or request rather than
merely indifferent about it, regarded as an unsuccessful outcome, affect
interpersonal relationships and the way other people perceive the agent
Power sources expert power, referent power, legitimate power, reward power, and coercive power
Legitimate power -power stemming from formal authority
-amount related to one's scope of authority
-Compliance is more likely for members who identify with the organization and are
loyal to it, internalized value
