NC FUNERAL DIRECTOR PATHOLOGY
COURSE EXAM|| ALREADY GRADED A+||
LATEST UPDATE 2026
Section 1: General Pathology & Basic Terminology
1. Q: Pathology is BEST defined as the study of:
A: The structure and function of tissues as a result of disease.
Rationale: Pathology bridges anatomy and physiology by examining
how disease alters normal structure and function.
2. Q: Which branch of pathology deals with the body as a whole,
without regard to any particular organ or system?
A: General pathology.
Rationale: General pathology covers basic disease processes such as
inflammation, necrosis, and repair.
3. Q: The division of pathology that deals with individual body organs
or systems is called:
A: Special pathology.
Rationale: Special pathology focuses on diseases affecting specific
organs or systems.
4. Q: A localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue is
called:
A: Abscess.
Rationale: An abscess is a circumscribed collection of pus.
5. Q: A disease or ailment which is sharp and of short course is termed:
A: Acute.
Rationale: Acute conditions have sudden onset and short duration.
6. Q: A disease that develops slowly and persists over a long period is:
A: Chronic.
Rationale: Chronic conditions develop slowly and persist over a long
period.
,7. Q: The term for a decrease in the size of cells and organs due to a
reduction in workload is:
A: Atrophy.
Rationale: Atrophy is a decrease in cell size.
8. Q: An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ is called:
A: Hyperplasia.
Rationale: Hyperplasia is an increase in cell number.
9. Q: The term "metaplasia" refers to:
A: The reversible change of one differentiated cell type to another.
Rationale: Metaplasia is an adaptive change where one mature cell type
is replaced by another.
10.Q: A "neoplasm" is best defined as:
A: An abnormal mass of tissue that grows excessively and uncoordinated
with normal tissue.
Rationale: A neoplasm is a new, abnormal growth.
11.Q: The term "anaplasia" refers to:
A: The loss of differentiation of cells and their orientation to each other.
Rationale: Anaplasia is a hallmark of malignancy.
12.Q: "Metastasis" refers specifically to:
A: The spread of malignant cells from a primary site to a distant site.
Rationale: Metastasis is the defining characteristic of malignancy.
13.Q: A benign tumor of glandular epithelium is called:
A: Adenoma.
Rationale: An adenoma is a neoplasm formed by glandular epithelium.
14.Q: A malignant tumor of glandular epithelium is called:
A: Adenocarcinoma.
Rationale: Adenocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of glandular
epithelium.
15.Q: The term "hemorrhage" refers to:
A: The escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel.
Rationale: Hemorrhage is blood loss.
16.Q: "Thrombosis" is best defined as:
A: The formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel during life.
Rationale: Thrombosis is a clot.
, 17.Q: An "embolus" is:
A: A traveling mass that has moved from its origin.
Rationale: An embolism is a traveling obstruction.
18.Q: "Infarction" refers to:
A: An area of ischemic necrosis caused by occlusion of either the arterial
supply or venous drainage.
Rationale: Infarction is tissue death due to lack of blood supply.
19.Q: "Edema" is defined as:
A: An accumulation of fluid in interstitial tissues.
Rationale: Edema is the accumulation of fluid in tissues.
20.Q: Generalized massive edema in subcutaneous tissue is called:
A: Anasarca.
Rationale: Anasarca is generalized massive edema.
21.Q: The accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal cavity is called:
A: Ascites.
Rationale: Ascites is accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal
cavity.
22.Q: "Hyperemia" is defined as:
A: An active process resulting in increased blood flow to a tissue.
Rationale: Hyperemia is increased blood flow.
23.Q: "Congestion" is defined as:
A: A passive process resulting from reduced venous outflow.
Rationale: Congestion is reduced venous outflow.
24.Q: "Ischemia" refers to:
A: A reduction in the blood supply to a tissue.
Rationale: Ischemia is reduced blood supply.
25.Q: "Hypoxia" is defined as:
A: A deficiency of oxygen in tissues.
Rationale: Hypoxia is deficient oxygen supply.
Section 2: Cell Injury, Death, and Aging
26.Q: The term "Somatic Death" refers to:
A: Death of the entire organism.
Rationale: Somatic death is the complete and irreversible cessation of all
vital functions.
COURSE EXAM|| ALREADY GRADED A+||
LATEST UPDATE 2026
Section 1: General Pathology & Basic Terminology
1. Q: Pathology is BEST defined as the study of:
A: The structure and function of tissues as a result of disease.
Rationale: Pathology bridges anatomy and physiology by examining
how disease alters normal structure and function.
2. Q: Which branch of pathology deals with the body as a whole,
without regard to any particular organ or system?
A: General pathology.
Rationale: General pathology covers basic disease processes such as
inflammation, necrosis, and repair.
3. Q: The division of pathology that deals with individual body organs
or systems is called:
A: Special pathology.
Rationale: Special pathology focuses on diseases affecting specific
organs or systems.
4. Q: A localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue is
called:
A: Abscess.
Rationale: An abscess is a circumscribed collection of pus.
5. Q: A disease or ailment which is sharp and of short course is termed:
A: Acute.
Rationale: Acute conditions have sudden onset and short duration.
6. Q: A disease that develops slowly and persists over a long period is:
A: Chronic.
Rationale: Chronic conditions develop slowly and persist over a long
period.
,7. Q: The term for a decrease in the size of cells and organs due to a
reduction in workload is:
A: Atrophy.
Rationale: Atrophy is a decrease in cell size.
8. Q: An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ is called:
A: Hyperplasia.
Rationale: Hyperplasia is an increase in cell number.
9. Q: The term "metaplasia" refers to:
A: The reversible change of one differentiated cell type to another.
Rationale: Metaplasia is an adaptive change where one mature cell type
is replaced by another.
10.Q: A "neoplasm" is best defined as:
A: An abnormal mass of tissue that grows excessively and uncoordinated
with normal tissue.
Rationale: A neoplasm is a new, abnormal growth.
11.Q: The term "anaplasia" refers to:
A: The loss of differentiation of cells and their orientation to each other.
Rationale: Anaplasia is a hallmark of malignancy.
12.Q: "Metastasis" refers specifically to:
A: The spread of malignant cells from a primary site to a distant site.
Rationale: Metastasis is the defining characteristic of malignancy.
13.Q: A benign tumor of glandular epithelium is called:
A: Adenoma.
Rationale: An adenoma is a neoplasm formed by glandular epithelium.
14.Q: A malignant tumor of glandular epithelium is called:
A: Adenocarcinoma.
Rationale: Adenocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of glandular
epithelium.
15.Q: The term "hemorrhage" refers to:
A: The escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel.
Rationale: Hemorrhage is blood loss.
16.Q: "Thrombosis" is best defined as:
A: The formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel during life.
Rationale: Thrombosis is a clot.
, 17.Q: An "embolus" is:
A: A traveling mass that has moved from its origin.
Rationale: An embolism is a traveling obstruction.
18.Q: "Infarction" refers to:
A: An area of ischemic necrosis caused by occlusion of either the arterial
supply or venous drainage.
Rationale: Infarction is tissue death due to lack of blood supply.
19.Q: "Edema" is defined as:
A: An accumulation of fluid in interstitial tissues.
Rationale: Edema is the accumulation of fluid in tissues.
20.Q: Generalized massive edema in subcutaneous tissue is called:
A: Anasarca.
Rationale: Anasarca is generalized massive edema.
21.Q: The accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal cavity is called:
A: Ascites.
Rationale: Ascites is accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal
cavity.
22.Q: "Hyperemia" is defined as:
A: An active process resulting in increased blood flow to a tissue.
Rationale: Hyperemia is increased blood flow.
23.Q: "Congestion" is defined as:
A: A passive process resulting from reduced venous outflow.
Rationale: Congestion is reduced venous outflow.
24.Q: "Ischemia" refers to:
A: A reduction in the blood supply to a tissue.
Rationale: Ischemia is reduced blood supply.
25.Q: "Hypoxia" is defined as:
A: A deficiency of oxygen in tissues.
Rationale: Hypoxia is deficient oxygen supply.
Section 2: Cell Injury, Death, and Aging
26.Q: The term "Somatic Death" refers to:
A: Death of the entire organism.
Rationale: Somatic death is the complete and irreversible cessation of all
vital functions.
