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NU 518 EXAM 2 LATEST 2026/2027 |
ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY | 40 VERIFIED
Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM PHARMACOLOGY - Questions 1-10
Q1: Cholinergic Agonist Effect
The student is reviewing autonomic pharmacology. A patient is administered bethanechol. Which
expected effect should the nurse monitor?
A. Increased heart rate
B. Increased salivation and urination
C. Bronchodilation
D. Pupillary dilation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bethanechol is a direct-acting muscarinic agonist that stimulates parasympathetic effects,
including increased salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, and defecation. It would cause
bradycardia (not tachycardia), bronchoconstriction (not bronchodilation), and pupillary constriction
(not dilation). It is used to treat urinary retention and neurogenic bladder. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Anticholinergic Adverse Effects
The student is reviewing anticholinergic medications. A patient is prescribed atropine. Which set of
adverse effects should the nurse include in patient teaching?
A. Dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation
B. Increased salivation, diarrhea, bradycardia
C. Pinpoint pupils, sweating, lacrimation
D. Bronchorrhea, miosis, bradycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist that blocks parasympathetic effects, causing dry
mouth, blurred vision, mydriasis (pupil dilation), urinary retention, constipation, and tachycardia.
Option B describes cholinergic effects. Options C and D describe cholinergic toxicity (SLUDGE
syndrome). [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Beta-1 vs Beta-2 Receptors
The student is reviewing adrenergic receptors. Stimulation of beta-1 receptors primarily causes:
, 2
A. Bronchodilation
B. Increased heart rate and contractility
C. Uterine relaxation
D. Peripheral vasodilation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-1 receptors are primarily located in the heart and cause increased heart rate
(chronotropy), contractility (inotropy), and conduction (dromotropy). Beta-2 receptors cause
bronchodilation, uterine relaxation, and vasodilation. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Alpha-1 Blocker Effect
The student is reviewing alpha-blockers. A patient is prescribed tamsulosin for benign prostatic
hyperplasia. Which therapeutic effect is expected?
A. Improved urine flow
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Bronchodilation
D. Increased blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamsulosin is an alpha-1 blocker that relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder
neck, improving urine flow in BPH. It can cause orthostatic hypotension (not increased BP) due to
vasodilation. It does not directly affect heart rate or bronchial smooth muscle. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Adrenergic Agonist Use
The student is reviewing adrenergic agonists. Which medication is used to treat anaphylaxis?
A. Epinephrine
B. Propranolol
C. Prazosin
D. Bethanechol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epinephrine is the drug of choice for anaphylaxis because it stimulates alpha-1 receptors
(vasoconstriction, reducing edema), beta-1 receptors (increased cardiac output), and beta-2
receptors (bronchodilation). Propranolol is a beta-blocker, prazosin is an alpha-blocker, and
bethanechol is a cholinergic agonist. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Neuromuscular Blocker
The student is reviewing neuromuscular blocking agents. What is the mechanism of action of
succinylcholine?
A. Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
B. Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
NU 518 EXAM 2 LATEST 2026/2027 |
ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY | 40 VERIFIED
Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM PHARMACOLOGY - Questions 1-10
Q1: Cholinergic Agonist Effect
The student is reviewing autonomic pharmacology. A patient is administered bethanechol. Which
expected effect should the nurse monitor?
A. Increased heart rate
B. Increased salivation and urination
C. Bronchodilation
D. Pupillary dilation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bethanechol is a direct-acting muscarinic agonist that stimulates parasympathetic effects,
including increased salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, and defecation. It would cause
bradycardia (not tachycardia), bronchoconstriction (not bronchodilation), and pupillary constriction
(not dilation). It is used to treat urinary retention and neurogenic bladder. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Anticholinergic Adverse Effects
The student is reviewing anticholinergic medications. A patient is prescribed atropine. Which set of
adverse effects should the nurse include in patient teaching?
A. Dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation
B. Increased salivation, diarrhea, bradycardia
C. Pinpoint pupils, sweating, lacrimation
D. Bronchorrhea, miosis, bradycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist that blocks parasympathetic effects, causing dry
mouth, blurred vision, mydriasis (pupil dilation), urinary retention, constipation, and tachycardia.
Option B describes cholinergic effects. Options C and D describe cholinergic toxicity (SLUDGE
syndrome). [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Beta-1 vs Beta-2 Receptors
The student is reviewing adrenergic receptors. Stimulation of beta-1 receptors primarily causes:
, 2
A. Bronchodilation
B. Increased heart rate and contractility
C. Uterine relaxation
D. Peripheral vasodilation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-1 receptors are primarily located in the heart and cause increased heart rate
(chronotropy), contractility (inotropy), and conduction (dromotropy). Beta-2 receptors cause
bronchodilation, uterine relaxation, and vasodilation. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Alpha-1 Blocker Effect
The student is reviewing alpha-blockers. A patient is prescribed tamsulosin for benign prostatic
hyperplasia. Which therapeutic effect is expected?
A. Improved urine flow
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Bronchodilation
D. Increased blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamsulosin is an alpha-1 blocker that relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder
neck, improving urine flow in BPH. It can cause orthostatic hypotension (not increased BP) due to
vasodilation. It does not directly affect heart rate or bronchial smooth muscle. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Adrenergic Agonist Use
The student is reviewing adrenergic agonists. Which medication is used to treat anaphylaxis?
A. Epinephrine
B. Propranolol
C. Prazosin
D. Bethanechol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epinephrine is the drug of choice for anaphylaxis because it stimulates alpha-1 receptors
(vasoconstriction, reducing edema), beta-1 receptors (increased cardiac output), and beta-2
receptors (bronchodilation). Propranolol is a beta-blocker, prazosin is an alpha-blocker, and
bethanechol is a cholinergic agonist. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Neuromuscular Blocker
The student is reviewing neuromuscular blocking agents. What is the mechanism of action of
succinylcholine?
A. Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
B. Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
