Test Bank for Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
by Kyle & Carman | Complete Chapters with Verified
Answers | Latest Updated Edition 2026
Chapter 1: Introduction to Child Health and Pediatric Nursing
1. The nurse providing family-centered care in a hospital setting
reflects on the focus of the health care provided in today's society.
Which statement best describes the current definition of health?
A) Health is described as "an absence of disease."
B) Health is measured by monitoring mortality and morbidity of a group.
C) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
D) Technologic gains made in health care are shared equally among all
children.
Answer: C) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being.
Explanation: The World Health Organization (2018) defines health as
"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity." In the past, health was
defined simply as the absence of disease and measured by mortality
and morbidity. The gains in child health have not been shared equally
among all children.
,2. The student nurse is learning about the history of child health and
health care in the United States. Which statement accurately
reflects the condition of health care in the past and current
centuries?
A) In past centuries in the United States, the health of the country was
better than it is today due to the simpler style of living.
B) In the current century, mortality rates are high, but life expectancy has
increased due to technologic advances.
C) In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, urban public health
improvements made cities healthier places for growing children.
D) By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious
diseases had become the leading cause of death for children older than 1
year old.
Answer: D) By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather
than infectious diseases had become the leading cause of death for
children older than 1 year old.
Explanation: In past centuries in the United States, the health of the
country was poorer than it is today; mortality rates were high and
life expectancy was short. Over the years, improvements in
sanitation, water, and nutrition led to better understanding of illness
sources. By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than
infectious diseases had become the leading cause of death for
children older than 1 year old.
,3. The nurse is administering a number of therapeutic interventions
for neonates, infants, and children on the pediatric unit. Which
intervention contributes to an increase in chronic illness seen in
early childhood?
A) Administering antibiotics to prevent lethal infections
B) Vaccinating children to prevent childhood diseases
C) Using mechanical ventilation for premature infants
D) Using corticosteroids as a treatment for asthma
Answer: C) Using mechanical ventilation for premature infants
Explanation: Using mechanical ventilation and medications to foster
lung development in premature infants increases their survival rate.
Yet the infants who survive are often faced with myriad chronic
illnesses. Administering antibiotics, vaccinating children, and using
corticosteroids may cause side effects, but do not contribute to
chronic illness in children.
4. The nurse is reviewing a copy of the U.S. Surgeon General's
Report, Healthy People. Which nursing action best reflects the nurse
fostering this healthcare agenda?
A) The nurse signs up for classes to obtain an advanced degree in
nursing.
B) The nurse volunteers at a local healthcare clinic providing free
vaccinations for low-income populations.
C) The nurse performs an in-service on basic hospital equipment for
student nurses.
, D) The nurse compiles nursing articles on evidence-based practices in
nursing to present at a hospital training seminar.
Answer: B) The nurse volunteers at a local healthcare clinic
providing free vaccinations for low-income populations.
Explanation: Healthy People is a comprehensive health promotion
and disease prevention agenda working toward improving the
quantity and quality of life for all Americans. Overarching goals
include achieving health equity, eliminating disparities, and attaining
health literacy to improve the health of all groups. Volunteering at a
local healthcare clinic providing free vaccinations for low-income
populations best reflects the nurse fostering this healthcare
agenda.
5. The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old hospitalized with pneumonia.
Which action best demonstrates the principle of family-centered
care?
A) Limiting parental visits to scheduled hours to maintain routine
B) Performing all procedures independently to ensure efficiency
C) Encouraging parents to participate in comfort measures and care
routines
D) Asking parents to leave during invasive procedures to reduce their
distress
Answer: C) Encouraging parents to participate in comfort measures
and care routines
Explanation: Family-centered care recognizes the family as constant
by Kyle & Carman | Complete Chapters with Verified
Answers | Latest Updated Edition 2026
Chapter 1: Introduction to Child Health and Pediatric Nursing
1. The nurse providing family-centered care in a hospital setting
reflects on the focus of the health care provided in today's society.
Which statement best describes the current definition of health?
A) Health is described as "an absence of disease."
B) Health is measured by monitoring mortality and morbidity of a group.
C) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
D) Technologic gains made in health care are shared equally among all
children.
Answer: C) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being.
Explanation: The World Health Organization (2018) defines health as
"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity." In the past, health was
defined simply as the absence of disease and measured by mortality
and morbidity. The gains in child health have not been shared equally
among all children.
,2. The student nurse is learning about the history of child health and
health care in the United States. Which statement accurately
reflects the condition of health care in the past and current
centuries?
A) In past centuries in the United States, the health of the country was
better than it is today due to the simpler style of living.
B) In the current century, mortality rates are high, but life expectancy has
increased due to technologic advances.
C) In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, urban public health
improvements made cities healthier places for growing children.
D) By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious
diseases had become the leading cause of death for children older than 1
year old.
Answer: D) By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather
than infectious diseases had become the leading cause of death for
children older than 1 year old.
Explanation: In past centuries in the United States, the health of the
country was poorer than it is today; mortality rates were high and
life expectancy was short. Over the years, improvements in
sanitation, water, and nutrition led to better understanding of illness
sources. By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than
infectious diseases had become the leading cause of death for
children older than 1 year old.
,3. The nurse is administering a number of therapeutic interventions
for neonates, infants, and children on the pediatric unit. Which
intervention contributes to an increase in chronic illness seen in
early childhood?
A) Administering antibiotics to prevent lethal infections
B) Vaccinating children to prevent childhood diseases
C) Using mechanical ventilation for premature infants
D) Using corticosteroids as a treatment for asthma
Answer: C) Using mechanical ventilation for premature infants
Explanation: Using mechanical ventilation and medications to foster
lung development in premature infants increases their survival rate.
Yet the infants who survive are often faced with myriad chronic
illnesses. Administering antibiotics, vaccinating children, and using
corticosteroids may cause side effects, but do not contribute to
chronic illness in children.
4. The nurse is reviewing a copy of the U.S. Surgeon General's
Report, Healthy People. Which nursing action best reflects the nurse
fostering this healthcare agenda?
A) The nurse signs up for classes to obtain an advanced degree in
nursing.
B) The nurse volunteers at a local healthcare clinic providing free
vaccinations for low-income populations.
C) The nurse performs an in-service on basic hospital equipment for
student nurses.
, D) The nurse compiles nursing articles on evidence-based practices in
nursing to present at a hospital training seminar.
Answer: B) The nurse volunteers at a local healthcare clinic
providing free vaccinations for low-income populations.
Explanation: Healthy People is a comprehensive health promotion
and disease prevention agenda working toward improving the
quantity and quality of life for all Americans. Overarching goals
include achieving health equity, eliminating disparities, and attaining
health literacy to improve the health of all groups. Volunteering at a
local healthcare clinic providing free vaccinations for low-income
populations best reflects the nurse fostering this healthcare
agenda.
5. The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old hospitalized with pneumonia.
Which action best demonstrates the principle of family-centered
care?
A) Limiting parental visits to scheduled hours to maintain routine
B) Performing all procedures independently to ensure efficiency
C) Encouraging parents to participate in comfort measures and care
routines
D) Asking parents to leave during invasive procedures to reduce their
distress
Answer: C) Encouraging parents to participate in comfort measures
and care routines
Explanation: Family-centered care recognizes the family as constant
