Fundamentals of Engineering Exam
Practice Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. Which law is primarily used to calculate the force exerted by a fluid at
rest?
A. Darcy's Law
B. Newton's Second Law
C. Pascal's Law
D. Fick's Law
Answer: C. Pascal's Law
Rationale: Pascal's Law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is
transmitted equally in all directions, making it fundamental in hydrostatics
and fluid mechanics.
2. The SI unit of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is:
,A. mg/L as CO₂
B. mg/L as O₂
C. ppm as CO₂
D. kg/day
Answer: B. mg/L as O₂
Rationale: BOD measures the amount of dissolved oxygen microorganisms
require to degrade organic matter and is expressed in milligrams of oxygen
per liter.
3. Which drinking water treatment process primarily removes suspended
solids?
A. Chlorination
B. Fluoridation
C. Sedimentation
D. Aeration
Answer: C. Sedimentation
Rationale: Sedimentation allows suspended particles to settle under
gravity before filtration and disinfection.
4. Darcy's Law describes:
,A. Heat transfer through solids
B. Air pollutant dispersion
C. Groundwater flow through porous media
D. Chemical equilibrium
Answer: C. Groundwater flow through porous media
Rationale: Darcy's Law relates groundwater discharge to hydraulic
conductivity, hydraulic gradient, and cross-sectional area.
5. The pH of a neutral solution at 25°C is:
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
Answer: C. 7
Rationale: Pure water at 25°C has equal hydrogen and hydroxide ion
concentrations, giving a pH of 7.
6. Which gas contributes most to anthropogenic climate change?
A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
, C. Methane
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer: D. Carbon dioxide
Rationale: Carbon dioxide is the largest contributor to human-induced
greenhouse gas emissions due to fossil fuel combustion and land-use
changes.
7. The primary purpose of coagulation in water treatment is to:
A. Kill bacteria
B. Remove dissolved oxygen
C. Destabilize suspended particles
D. Increase pH
Answer: C. Destabilize suspended particles
Rationale: Coagulation neutralizes particle charges, allowing them to
aggregate into flocs during flocculation.
8. Which pollutant is most commonly associated with acid rain?
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Sulfur dioxide
C. Methane
D. Ozone
Practice Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. Which law is primarily used to calculate the force exerted by a fluid at
rest?
A. Darcy's Law
B. Newton's Second Law
C. Pascal's Law
D. Fick's Law
Answer: C. Pascal's Law
Rationale: Pascal's Law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is
transmitted equally in all directions, making it fundamental in hydrostatics
and fluid mechanics.
2. The SI unit of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is:
,A. mg/L as CO₂
B. mg/L as O₂
C. ppm as CO₂
D. kg/day
Answer: B. mg/L as O₂
Rationale: BOD measures the amount of dissolved oxygen microorganisms
require to degrade organic matter and is expressed in milligrams of oxygen
per liter.
3. Which drinking water treatment process primarily removes suspended
solids?
A. Chlorination
B. Fluoridation
C. Sedimentation
D. Aeration
Answer: C. Sedimentation
Rationale: Sedimentation allows suspended particles to settle under
gravity before filtration and disinfection.
4. Darcy's Law describes:
,A. Heat transfer through solids
B. Air pollutant dispersion
C. Groundwater flow through porous media
D. Chemical equilibrium
Answer: C. Groundwater flow through porous media
Rationale: Darcy's Law relates groundwater discharge to hydraulic
conductivity, hydraulic gradient, and cross-sectional area.
5. The pH of a neutral solution at 25°C is:
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
Answer: C. 7
Rationale: Pure water at 25°C has equal hydrogen and hydroxide ion
concentrations, giving a pH of 7.
6. Which gas contributes most to anthropogenic climate change?
A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
, C. Methane
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer: D. Carbon dioxide
Rationale: Carbon dioxide is the largest contributor to human-induced
greenhouse gas emissions due to fossil fuel combustion and land-use
changes.
7. The primary purpose of coagulation in water treatment is to:
A. Kill bacteria
B. Remove dissolved oxygen
C. Destabilize suspended particles
D. Increase pH
Answer: C. Destabilize suspended particles
Rationale: Coagulation neutralizes particle charges, allowing them to
aggregate into flocs during flocculation.
8. Which pollutant is most commonly associated with acid rain?
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Sulfur dioxide
C. Methane
D. Ozone
