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[GRADED A+]
describe Parkinson's disease - ✔✔-chronic and progressive
- characterized by slowness, increased muscle tone and rigidity, tremor at
rest, and gait disturbance
-no cure
Describe the anatomy of parkinson's - ✔✔-lack of dopamine
-degeneration of DA producing neurons
-balance of DA and acetylcholine (ACh) disruption= more ACh than DA in
the basal ganglia
s/s of parkinson's won' occur until _______% of neurons are lost - ✔✔80%
s/s of parkinson's - ✔✔-resting tremor, pill-rolling tremor
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
,-bradykinesia
-rigidity
-weakness
-postural instability
-shuffling gait
-akinesia
-mask-like face
-drooling, dysphagia
-dementia
-hallucinations/psychosis
-sleep disorders
- excessive and uncontrolled sweating
- orthostatic hypotension
- gastric retention
- urinary retention
- constipation
- sexual dysfunction
- dysphonia
Risk factors for developing Parkinson's - ✔✔-increase with age >50 y.o.
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
, - more common in males than females
- environmental or genetic
What triad must you have to be diagnosed with Parkinson's disease> -
✔✔-tremors
-rigidity
-bradykinesia
(must have 2/3 and must respond to antiparkinson's drugs)
Describe drug holidays with parkinson's treatment - ✔✔-on/off periods
- may need 10 day drug holiday
What types of drugs can be used for treatment of parkinson's? - ✔✔-
dopaminergic
-anticholinergic
- antihistamine
- MAO-B inhibitors
- COMT inhibitor
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.