AORN PERIOP 101 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A
A+ SET TWO
◉ Elements of SDOH (Social Determinants of Health) include.
Answer: • Economic Stability
• Education
• Social and Community Context
• Health and Health Care
• Neighborhood and Built Environment
◉ A patient's risk factors for hypothermia include. Answer: •
Extremes in the patient's age (eg, pediatric, elderly)
• History of diabetes
• Low body weight
• Peripheral vascular disorders
• Thyroid disorders
- An example of a procedural risk for hypothermia is open-cavity
surgery (eg, laparotomy, open thoracotomy).
◉ Potential benefits of minimally invasive surgery include:. Answer:
• Decreased risk of surgical site infections
,• Decreased tissue trauma
• Reduced intraoperative blood loss
• Decreased postoperative pain
• Shorter hospital stay
• Faster recovery
• Lower potential for formation of adhesions
◉ Gases used for insufflation include:. Answer: • Carbon dioxide
(CO2)
o The most used gas for insufflation
- Dissolves easily into the bloodstream
- Is colorless, odorless, nonflammable, and inexpensive
• Air
• Nitrogen
• Nitrous oxide
• Argon
• Helium
◉ Gas is insufflated into the peritoneal cavity to create a
__________________, allowing for visualization of the abdominal organs
and providing room in which to work.. Answer: pneumoperitoneum
,◉ Potential complications associated with gas insufflation include:.
Answer: • Elevation in blood pressure
• Increase in CO2 blood levels
• Acidosis
• Decreased cardiac output
• Cardiac arrythmias
• Gas embolism
• Peritoneal irritation
• Decreased renal blood flow
• Decreased urine output
◉ An inspection tool that is placed through the instrument's lumen
and is used to inspect the internal element of the instrument.
Answer: Boreoscope
◉ Infiltration or effusion into surrounding tissues. Answer:
Extravasation
◉ Gas that is blown into a body cavity for visualization. Answer:
Insufflation
◉ No-fly zone. Answer: • Restricted area reserved for imaging
equipment
, • Other necessary equipment is positioned outside of this area or
moved to allow for imaging equipment use
◉ Practices to reduce the risk for patient injures and complications
associated with gas insufflation are:. Answer: • Placing the
insufflator above the level of the surgical cavity
• Checking that the alarms are on and audible
• Ensuring that a hydrophobic filter is between the insufflator and
the insufflation tubing
• Flushing the insufflator tubing with the gas that will be used for
the surgery before the tubing is connected to the cannula
• Setting the flow rate according to the manufacturer's instructions
for use and surgeon's preference
o Maintain the pneumoperitoneum at a pressure less than 15
mm/Hg
• Maintaining insufflation pressure at the lowest level necessary for
the pneumoperitoneum and surgical site visualization
◉ Clinical signs of a gas embolism include:. Answer: • Dyspnea
• Systemic hypotension
• Cardiac anomalies
• Hypoxemia
• End-tidal CO2 changes
A+ SET TWO
◉ Elements of SDOH (Social Determinants of Health) include.
Answer: • Economic Stability
• Education
• Social and Community Context
• Health and Health Care
• Neighborhood and Built Environment
◉ A patient's risk factors for hypothermia include. Answer: •
Extremes in the patient's age (eg, pediatric, elderly)
• History of diabetes
• Low body weight
• Peripheral vascular disorders
• Thyroid disorders
- An example of a procedural risk for hypothermia is open-cavity
surgery (eg, laparotomy, open thoracotomy).
◉ Potential benefits of minimally invasive surgery include:. Answer:
• Decreased risk of surgical site infections
,• Decreased tissue trauma
• Reduced intraoperative blood loss
• Decreased postoperative pain
• Shorter hospital stay
• Faster recovery
• Lower potential for formation of adhesions
◉ Gases used for insufflation include:. Answer: • Carbon dioxide
(CO2)
o The most used gas for insufflation
- Dissolves easily into the bloodstream
- Is colorless, odorless, nonflammable, and inexpensive
• Air
• Nitrogen
• Nitrous oxide
• Argon
• Helium
◉ Gas is insufflated into the peritoneal cavity to create a
__________________, allowing for visualization of the abdominal organs
and providing room in which to work.. Answer: pneumoperitoneum
,◉ Potential complications associated with gas insufflation include:.
Answer: • Elevation in blood pressure
• Increase in CO2 blood levels
• Acidosis
• Decreased cardiac output
• Cardiac arrythmias
• Gas embolism
• Peritoneal irritation
• Decreased renal blood flow
• Decreased urine output
◉ An inspection tool that is placed through the instrument's lumen
and is used to inspect the internal element of the instrument.
Answer: Boreoscope
◉ Infiltration or effusion into surrounding tissues. Answer:
Extravasation
◉ Gas that is blown into a body cavity for visualization. Answer:
Insufflation
◉ No-fly zone. Answer: • Restricted area reserved for imaging
equipment
, • Other necessary equipment is positioned outside of this area or
moved to allow for imaging equipment use
◉ Practices to reduce the risk for patient injures and complications
associated with gas insufflation are:. Answer: • Placing the
insufflator above the level of the surgical cavity
• Checking that the alarms are on and audible
• Ensuring that a hydrophobic filter is between the insufflator and
the insufflation tubing
• Flushing the insufflator tubing with the gas that will be used for
the surgery before the tubing is connected to the cannula
• Setting the flow rate according to the manufacturer's instructions
for use and surgeon's preference
o Maintain the pneumoperitoneum at a pressure less than 15
mm/Hg
• Maintaining insufflation pressure at the lowest level necessary for
the pneumoperitoneum and surgical site visualization
◉ Clinical signs of a gas embolism include:. Answer: • Dyspnea
• Systemic hypotension
• Cardiac anomalies
• Hypoxemia
• End-tidal CO2 changes
