• NSG 530 EXAM 09/15/2026
NSG 530 ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 | Advanced
Pathophysiology – Wilkes University | Exams 1-
4 Comprehensive Bank | Verified Q&A with
Detailed Rationales | Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
The nursing student is assigned to care for a client with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI), diuretic phase.
The nursing instructor asks the student about the primary goal of the treatment plan for this client. Which goal, if
stated by the nursing student, indicates an adequate understanding of the treatment plan for this client?
1.Prevent fluid overload.
2.Prevent loss of electrolytes.
P 1
, • NSG 530 EXAM 09/15/2026
3.Promote the excretion of wastes.
4.Reduce the urine specific gravity.
- Correct Answer :2
Rationale:
In the diuretic phase, fluids and electrolytes are lost in the urine. As a result, the plan of care focuses on fluid and
electrolyte replacement and monitoring. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not the primary concerns in this phase of AKI.
The nurse instructs a client about continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which statement by the
client indicates an accurate understanding of CAPD?
1."No machinery is involved, and I can pursue my usual activities."
2."A cycling machine is used, so the risk for infection is minimized."
3."The drainage system can be used once during the day and a cycling machine for 3 cycles at night."
4."A portable hemodialysis machine is used so that I will be able to ambulate during the treatment." –
Correct Answer :1
Rationale:
CAPD closely approximates normal renal function, and the client will need to infuse and drain the dialysis solution
several times a day. No machinery is used, and CAPD is a manual procedure.
Which client is most at risk for developing a Candida urinary tract infection (UTI)?
1.An obese woman
2.A man with diabetes insipidus
3.A young woman on antibiotic therapy
4.A male paraplegic on intermittent catheterization –
P 2
, • NSG 530 EXAM 09/15/2026
Correct Answer :3
Rationale
:Candida infections, which are fungal infections, develop in persons who are on long-term antibiotic therapy
because an alteration of normal flora occurs. These infections also are commonly seen in clients with blood
dyscrasias, diabetes mellitus, cancer, or immunosuppression and in those with a drug addiction.
A cystectomy is performed for a client with a diagnosis of bladder cancer, and a Kock pouch is created for urinary
diversion. In creating a discharge teaching plan for the client, the nurse should include which instruction in the
plan?
1.Dietary restrictions
2.Technique of catheterization
3.External pouch and application care
4.Proper administration of prophylactic antibiotics –
Correct Answer :2
Rationale:
A Kock pouch is a continent internal ileal reservoir. The nurse instructs the client about the technique of
catheterization. Dietary restrictions are not required. There is no external pouch. Antibiotics are not required
unless an infection is present; also, antibiotics are prescribed by the health care provider.
A client is having difficulty coughing and deep-breathing because of pain after a nephrectomy. Which action by
the nurse is helpful in promoting optimal respiratory function?
1.Administering pain medication just before ambulation
2.Administering pain medication when the client asks for it
3.Encouraging the use of the incentive spirometer every 8 hours
4.Assisting the client to splint the incision during respiratory exercise –
Correct Answer :4
Rationale:
P 3
, • NSG 530 EXAM 09/15/2026
The client who has had a nephrectomy may have pain with coughing and deep breathing and other respiratory
exercises because the location of the incision is so close to the diaphragm. The nurse assists the client by
offering opioid analgesics when due, encouraging incentive spirometer use hourly, and assisting the client to
splint the incision during coughing. If the client takes pain medication only before ambulation, control of pain
may be insufficient, which will not promote optimal respiratory function (pain medication should be offered 30
to 45 minutes before the client ambulates). Laparoscopic nephrectomy can also be performed. Compared to
conventional nephrectomy, the laparoscopic approach is less painful and requires no sutures or staples, involves
a shorter hospital stay, and has a much faster recovery.
A client being discharged home after renal transplantation has a risk for infection related to immunosuppressive
medication therapy. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching on measures to prevent and
control infection if the client states that it is necessary to take which action?
1.Take an oral temperature daily.
2.Use good hand-washing technique.
3.Take all scheduled medications exactly as prescribed.
4.Monitor urine character and output at least 1 day each week. –
Correct Answer :4
Rationale:
The client receiving immunosuppressive medication therapy must learn and use infection control methods for
use at home. The client self-monitors urine output and its characteristics on a daily basis. The client must learn
proper hand-washing technique and should take the temperature daily to detect early infection. This is especially
important because the client also takes corticosteroids, which mask signs and symptoms of infection. All
medications should be taken exactly as prescribed.
A client with a bladder injury has had surgical repair of the injured area with placement of a suprapubic catheter.
Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent complications of this procedure?
1.Monitor urine output once per shift.
2.Measure specific gravity once per shift.
3.Encourage an excessive intake of oral fluids.
4.Ensure that the catheter tubing is not kinked. - Correct Answer :4
Rationale
P 4
NSG 530 ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 | Advanced
Pathophysiology – Wilkes University | Exams 1-
4 Comprehensive Bank | Verified Q&A with
Detailed Rationales | Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
The nursing student is assigned to care for a client with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI), diuretic phase.
The nursing instructor asks the student about the primary goal of the treatment plan for this client. Which goal, if
stated by the nursing student, indicates an adequate understanding of the treatment plan for this client?
1.Prevent fluid overload.
2.Prevent loss of electrolytes.
P 1
, • NSG 530 EXAM 09/15/2026
3.Promote the excretion of wastes.
4.Reduce the urine specific gravity.
- Correct Answer :2
Rationale:
In the diuretic phase, fluids and electrolytes are lost in the urine. As a result, the plan of care focuses on fluid and
electrolyte replacement and monitoring. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not the primary concerns in this phase of AKI.
The nurse instructs a client about continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which statement by the
client indicates an accurate understanding of CAPD?
1."No machinery is involved, and I can pursue my usual activities."
2."A cycling machine is used, so the risk for infection is minimized."
3."The drainage system can be used once during the day and a cycling machine for 3 cycles at night."
4."A portable hemodialysis machine is used so that I will be able to ambulate during the treatment." –
Correct Answer :1
Rationale:
CAPD closely approximates normal renal function, and the client will need to infuse and drain the dialysis solution
several times a day. No machinery is used, and CAPD is a manual procedure.
Which client is most at risk for developing a Candida urinary tract infection (UTI)?
1.An obese woman
2.A man with diabetes insipidus
3.A young woman on antibiotic therapy
4.A male paraplegic on intermittent catheterization –
P 2
, • NSG 530 EXAM 09/15/2026
Correct Answer :3
Rationale
:Candida infections, which are fungal infections, develop in persons who are on long-term antibiotic therapy
because an alteration of normal flora occurs. These infections also are commonly seen in clients with blood
dyscrasias, diabetes mellitus, cancer, or immunosuppression and in those with a drug addiction.
A cystectomy is performed for a client with a diagnosis of bladder cancer, and a Kock pouch is created for urinary
diversion. In creating a discharge teaching plan for the client, the nurse should include which instruction in the
plan?
1.Dietary restrictions
2.Technique of catheterization
3.External pouch and application care
4.Proper administration of prophylactic antibiotics –
Correct Answer :2
Rationale:
A Kock pouch is a continent internal ileal reservoir. The nurse instructs the client about the technique of
catheterization. Dietary restrictions are not required. There is no external pouch. Antibiotics are not required
unless an infection is present; also, antibiotics are prescribed by the health care provider.
A client is having difficulty coughing and deep-breathing because of pain after a nephrectomy. Which action by
the nurse is helpful in promoting optimal respiratory function?
1.Administering pain medication just before ambulation
2.Administering pain medication when the client asks for it
3.Encouraging the use of the incentive spirometer every 8 hours
4.Assisting the client to splint the incision during respiratory exercise –
Correct Answer :4
Rationale:
P 3
, • NSG 530 EXAM 09/15/2026
The client who has had a nephrectomy may have pain with coughing and deep breathing and other respiratory
exercises because the location of the incision is so close to the diaphragm. The nurse assists the client by
offering opioid analgesics when due, encouraging incentive spirometer use hourly, and assisting the client to
splint the incision during coughing. If the client takes pain medication only before ambulation, control of pain
may be insufficient, which will not promote optimal respiratory function (pain medication should be offered 30
to 45 minutes before the client ambulates). Laparoscopic nephrectomy can also be performed. Compared to
conventional nephrectomy, the laparoscopic approach is less painful and requires no sutures or staples, involves
a shorter hospital stay, and has a much faster recovery.
A client being discharged home after renal transplantation has a risk for infection related to immunosuppressive
medication therapy. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching on measures to prevent and
control infection if the client states that it is necessary to take which action?
1.Take an oral temperature daily.
2.Use good hand-washing technique.
3.Take all scheduled medications exactly as prescribed.
4.Monitor urine character and output at least 1 day each week. –
Correct Answer :4
Rationale:
The client receiving immunosuppressive medication therapy must learn and use infection control methods for
use at home. The client self-monitors urine output and its characteristics on a daily basis. The client must learn
proper hand-washing technique and should take the temperature daily to detect early infection. This is especially
important because the client also takes corticosteroids, which mask signs and symptoms of infection. All
medications should be taken exactly as prescribed.
A client with a bladder injury has had surgical repair of the injured area with placement of a suprapubic catheter.
Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent complications of this procedure?
1.Monitor urine output once per shift.
2.Measure specific gravity once per shift.
3.Encourage an excessive intake of oral fluids.
4.Ensure that the catheter tubing is not kinked. - Correct Answer :4
Rationale
P 4
