ELEC 273 Labs 1–4: Full Exam with
questions and correct answers with
rationale graded A+ updated 2026
Lab 1: Familiarization with Lab Instruments & DC
Circuit Analysis
1. What is the primary objective of Lab 1 in ELEC 273?
A) To design and simulate complex integrated circuits
B) To become familiar with laboratory equipment and verify KVL/KCL
C) To analyze three-phase power systems
D) To construct and test bipolar junction transistors
Answer: B
Rationale: The first objective of the lab was to become familiar with laboratory
equipment (DMM, PSP, FG, DSO), followed by testing and proving Kirchhoff's Voltage
and Current Laws learned in lecture -6 .
2. Which instrument is used as an Ammeter in the DC circuit measurement for
Lab 1?
A) Agilent 34405A
B) Tektronix TDS320
C) Fluke 8010A
D) Instek GFG-8216A
Answer: C
Rationale: The Fluke 8010A was used as an Ammeter to measure current in a DC
circuit, while the Agilent 34405A served as the voltmeter -6-12 .
3. Which instrument is used as a Voltmeter to determine voltage and resistance
in Lab 1?
A) Fluke 8010A
B) Agilent 34405A
C) Digital Storage Oscilloscope
D) Function Generator
,Answer: B
Rationale: Students used the Agilent 34405A as a Voltmeter to determine the
voltage and resistance in a circuit -6 .
4. What is a critical safety practice regarding the DMM after measuring current?
A) Leave it in ammeter mode for quick future use
B) Return the DMM to voltmeter mode when finished
C) Disconnect all leads and store immediately
D) Set it to measure resistance as a default
Answer: B
Rationale: The DMM is easily damaged when in ammeter mode, so it is best practice
to always return the DMM to voltmeter mode when finished with a current
measurement -10 .
5. What does KCL state at any node in a circuit?
A) The sum of voltage rises equals the sum of voltage drops
B) The algebraic sum of currents entering a node equals zero
C) The total resistance equals the sum of individual resistances
D) Power dissipated equals power supplied
Answer: B
Rationale: Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of currents at
a node is zero; the sum of currents entering equals the sum leaving -1-6 .
6. What does KVL state around any closed loop?
A) The sum of currents equals zero
B) The total power equals zero
C) The algebraic sum of voltages around the loop equals zero
D) The total resistance is constant
Answer: C
Rationale: Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) states that the algebraic sum of voltages
around any closed loop in a circuit is zero -1 .
7. What is the expected result when comparing measured KVL/KCL values to
theoretical values in Lab 1?
A) They should be exactly identical
B) Close agreement with small deviations due to tolerances
C) Large discrepancies indicating equipment failure
D) No predictable relationship exists
, Answer: B
Rationale: Results demonstrated close agreement between theoretical and
experimental values, with small deviations attributable to resistor tolerances and
measurement limitations -1 .
8. What was used to construct the circuit in Lab 1?
A) PB-60 protoboard breadboard
B) Printed circuit board
C) Wire wrapping board
D) Soldered perfboard
Answer: A
Rationale: Circuit construction was performed on the PB-60 protoboard breadboard,
which allowed resistors and sources to be interconnected with patch cords -1 .
9. What frequency range was used for the AC portion of Lab 1?
A) 1 Hz to 100 Hz
B) 100 Hz to 10 kHz
C) 10 kHz to 1 MHz
D) 1 MHz to 10 MHz
Answer: B
Rationale: The FG was varied between 100 Hz and 10 kHz to observe the resonance
frequency in the RLC circuit portion -6 .
10. What was the calculated resonance frequency in the RLC circuit for Lab 1?
A) 3.6 kHz
B) 4.85 kHz
C) 4.95 kHz
D) 5.2 kHz
Answer: C
Rationale: The calculated resonance frequency in the RLC circuit was 4949.483 Hz,
approximately 4.95 kHz -5 .
11. What is the purpose of using a 10-turn potentiometer on the PB-60
breadboard?
A) To measure frequency
B) To provide a variable resistance for circuit adjustments
C) To amplify signals
D) To store energy
questions and correct answers with
rationale graded A+ updated 2026
Lab 1: Familiarization with Lab Instruments & DC
Circuit Analysis
1. What is the primary objective of Lab 1 in ELEC 273?
A) To design and simulate complex integrated circuits
B) To become familiar with laboratory equipment and verify KVL/KCL
C) To analyze three-phase power systems
D) To construct and test bipolar junction transistors
Answer: B
Rationale: The first objective of the lab was to become familiar with laboratory
equipment (DMM, PSP, FG, DSO), followed by testing and proving Kirchhoff's Voltage
and Current Laws learned in lecture -6 .
2. Which instrument is used as an Ammeter in the DC circuit measurement for
Lab 1?
A) Agilent 34405A
B) Tektronix TDS320
C) Fluke 8010A
D) Instek GFG-8216A
Answer: C
Rationale: The Fluke 8010A was used as an Ammeter to measure current in a DC
circuit, while the Agilent 34405A served as the voltmeter -6-12 .
3. Which instrument is used as a Voltmeter to determine voltage and resistance
in Lab 1?
A) Fluke 8010A
B) Agilent 34405A
C) Digital Storage Oscilloscope
D) Function Generator
,Answer: B
Rationale: Students used the Agilent 34405A as a Voltmeter to determine the
voltage and resistance in a circuit -6 .
4. What is a critical safety practice regarding the DMM after measuring current?
A) Leave it in ammeter mode for quick future use
B) Return the DMM to voltmeter mode when finished
C) Disconnect all leads and store immediately
D) Set it to measure resistance as a default
Answer: B
Rationale: The DMM is easily damaged when in ammeter mode, so it is best practice
to always return the DMM to voltmeter mode when finished with a current
measurement -10 .
5. What does KCL state at any node in a circuit?
A) The sum of voltage rises equals the sum of voltage drops
B) The algebraic sum of currents entering a node equals zero
C) The total resistance equals the sum of individual resistances
D) Power dissipated equals power supplied
Answer: B
Rationale: Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of currents at
a node is zero; the sum of currents entering equals the sum leaving -1-6 .
6. What does KVL state around any closed loop?
A) The sum of currents equals zero
B) The total power equals zero
C) The algebraic sum of voltages around the loop equals zero
D) The total resistance is constant
Answer: C
Rationale: Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) states that the algebraic sum of voltages
around any closed loop in a circuit is zero -1 .
7. What is the expected result when comparing measured KVL/KCL values to
theoretical values in Lab 1?
A) They should be exactly identical
B) Close agreement with small deviations due to tolerances
C) Large discrepancies indicating equipment failure
D) No predictable relationship exists
, Answer: B
Rationale: Results demonstrated close agreement between theoretical and
experimental values, with small deviations attributable to resistor tolerances and
measurement limitations -1 .
8. What was used to construct the circuit in Lab 1?
A) PB-60 protoboard breadboard
B) Printed circuit board
C) Wire wrapping board
D) Soldered perfboard
Answer: A
Rationale: Circuit construction was performed on the PB-60 protoboard breadboard,
which allowed resistors and sources to be interconnected with patch cords -1 .
9. What frequency range was used for the AC portion of Lab 1?
A) 1 Hz to 100 Hz
B) 100 Hz to 10 kHz
C) 10 kHz to 1 MHz
D) 1 MHz to 10 MHz
Answer: B
Rationale: The FG was varied between 100 Hz and 10 kHz to observe the resonance
frequency in the RLC circuit portion -6 .
10. What was the calculated resonance frequency in the RLC circuit for Lab 1?
A) 3.6 kHz
B) 4.85 kHz
C) 4.95 kHz
D) 5.2 kHz
Answer: C
Rationale: The calculated resonance frequency in the RLC circuit was 4949.483 Hz,
approximately 4.95 kHz -5 .
11. What is the purpose of using a 10-turn potentiometer on the PB-60
breadboard?
A) To measure frequency
B) To provide a variable resistance for circuit adjustments
C) To amplify signals
D) To store energy
