BUS 110 FINAL EXAM CHAPTERS 1–8 [2026]
UPDATED ACTUAL | Question and Answer | A+
VERIFIED ANSWERS
• Management -✓✓ The process of guiding the development, maintenance, and
allocation of resources to attain organizational goals.
• Efficiency vs. Effectiveness -✓✓ Efficiency = Using the least amount of
resources to accomplish the organization's goals.
Effectiveness = The ability to produce the desired result or good.
• Functions of Managers -✓✓ Managers are the people in the organization
responsible for developing and carrying out this management process: planning,
organizing, leading, controlling
• Planning -✓✓ The process of deciding what needs to be done to achieve
organizational objectives; identifying when and how it will be done; and
determining who should do it.
• Strategic Planning -✓✓ The process of creating long-range (one to five years),
broad goals for the organization and determining what resources will be needed to
accomplish those goals.
• Tactical Planning -✓✓ The process of beginning to implement a strategic plan by
addressing issues of coordination and allocating resources to different parts of the
organization; has a shorter time frame (less than one year) and more specific
objectives than strategic planning.
,• contingency planning -✓✓ identifying alternative courses of action for very
unusual or crisis situations; typically stipulate the chain of command, standard
operating procedures, and communication channels the organization will use
during an emergency.
• operational planning -✓✓ The process of creating specific standards, methods,
policies, and procedures that are used in specific functional areas of the
organization; helps guide and control the implementation of tactical plans.
• division of labor -✓✓ Division of work into a number of separate tasks to be
performed by different workers
• Departmentalization -✓✓ Grouping jobs and employees
• Delegation -✓✓ Assigning authority and responsibilities
• Leadership -✓✓ The process of guiding and motivating others toward the
achievement of organizational goals.
• Power -✓✓ The ability to influence others to behave in a particular way.
• Leadership Style -✓✓ The relatively consistent way that individuals in leadership
positions attempt to influence the behavior of others.
• autocratic leader -✓✓ Directive leaders who prefer to make decisions and solve
problems on their own with little input from subordinates
, • Participative leader -✓✓ Leaders who share decision-making with group
members and encourage discussion of issues and alternatives; includes democratic,
consensual, and consultative styles.
• Democratic leader -✓✓ Leaders who solicit input from all members of the group
and then allow the members to make the final decision through a vote.
• Consensual leader -✓✓ Leaders who encourage discussion about issues and then
require that all parties involved agree to the final decision.
• Consultative leader -✓✓ Leaders who confer with subordinates before making a
decision but who retain the final decision-making authority.
• Free-rein -✓✓ A leadership style in which the leader turns over all authority and
control to subordinates.
• Empowerment -✓✓ The process of giving employees increased autonomy and
discretion to make decisions, as well as control over the resources needed to
implement those decisions.
• corporate culture -✓✓ The set of attitudes, values, and standards that
distinguishes one organization from another.
• Performance Standards -✓✓ are the levels of performance the company wants to
attain. These goals are based on its strategic, tactical, and operational plans. The
most effective performance standards state a measurable behavioral objective that
can be achieved in a specified time frame.
UPDATED ACTUAL | Question and Answer | A+
VERIFIED ANSWERS
• Management -✓✓ The process of guiding the development, maintenance, and
allocation of resources to attain organizational goals.
• Efficiency vs. Effectiveness -✓✓ Efficiency = Using the least amount of
resources to accomplish the organization's goals.
Effectiveness = The ability to produce the desired result or good.
• Functions of Managers -✓✓ Managers are the people in the organization
responsible for developing and carrying out this management process: planning,
organizing, leading, controlling
• Planning -✓✓ The process of deciding what needs to be done to achieve
organizational objectives; identifying when and how it will be done; and
determining who should do it.
• Strategic Planning -✓✓ The process of creating long-range (one to five years),
broad goals for the organization and determining what resources will be needed to
accomplish those goals.
• Tactical Planning -✓✓ The process of beginning to implement a strategic plan by
addressing issues of coordination and allocating resources to different parts of the
organization; has a shorter time frame (less than one year) and more specific
objectives than strategic planning.
,• contingency planning -✓✓ identifying alternative courses of action for very
unusual or crisis situations; typically stipulate the chain of command, standard
operating procedures, and communication channels the organization will use
during an emergency.
• operational planning -✓✓ The process of creating specific standards, methods,
policies, and procedures that are used in specific functional areas of the
organization; helps guide and control the implementation of tactical plans.
• division of labor -✓✓ Division of work into a number of separate tasks to be
performed by different workers
• Departmentalization -✓✓ Grouping jobs and employees
• Delegation -✓✓ Assigning authority and responsibilities
• Leadership -✓✓ The process of guiding and motivating others toward the
achievement of organizational goals.
• Power -✓✓ The ability to influence others to behave in a particular way.
• Leadership Style -✓✓ The relatively consistent way that individuals in leadership
positions attempt to influence the behavior of others.
• autocratic leader -✓✓ Directive leaders who prefer to make decisions and solve
problems on their own with little input from subordinates
, • Participative leader -✓✓ Leaders who share decision-making with group
members and encourage discussion of issues and alternatives; includes democratic,
consensual, and consultative styles.
• Democratic leader -✓✓ Leaders who solicit input from all members of the group
and then allow the members to make the final decision through a vote.
• Consensual leader -✓✓ Leaders who encourage discussion about issues and then
require that all parties involved agree to the final decision.
• Consultative leader -✓✓ Leaders who confer with subordinates before making a
decision but who retain the final decision-making authority.
• Free-rein -✓✓ A leadership style in which the leader turns over all authority and
control to subordinates.
• Empowerment -✓✓ The process of giving employees increased autonomy and
discretion to make decisions, as well as control over the resources needed to
implement those decisions.
• corporate culture -✓✓ The set of attitudes, values, and standards that
distinguishes one organization from another.
• Performance Standards -✓✓ are the levels of performance the company wants to
attain. These goals are based on its strategic, tactical, and operational plans. The
most effective performance standards state a measurable behavioral objective that
can be achieved in a specified time frame.
