ABSITE ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWER KEY
●● calories from fat, protein, PO carbs, dextrose
Answer: fat 9cal/g, protein 4, PO carbs 4, dextrose 3.4
●● nutritional requirements for average healthy adult M
Answer: 20% protein (1g prot/kg/day, 20% should be essential amino
acids), 30% fat (important for essential fatty acids), 50% carbs
●● conditions that increase kcal requirement
Answer: trauma, surgery, sepsis - can inc kcal requirements 20-40% ....
pregnancy inc 300kcal/day ... lactation inc 500kcal/day ... protein needs
also increase with above .... burns - 25kcal/kg/day + 30kcal/day * %
burn, 1-1.5g/kg/day + 3g * %burn
●● energy expenditure and temp control
Answer: much of energy expenditure if used for heat production
●● effect of fever on basal metabolic rate
Answer: increases 10% for every degree above 38deg
●● calculate caloric need for overweight pt
,Answer: weight = [(actual weight - ideal body weight) x 0.25] + IBW
●● harris-benedict equation
Answer: calculates basal energy expenditure based on weight, height,
age, and gender
●● TPN vs PPN
Answer: TPN = central line, glucose based, max glucose administration
is 3g/kg/hr ... PPN = fat based
●● fuel for colonocytes vs small bowel enterocytes
Answer: colonocytes = short-chain fatty acids (i.e. butyric acid) .... small
bowel enterocytes = glutamine
●● primary fuel for most neoplsatic cells
Answer: glutamine
●● MC amino acid in bloodstream and tissue
Answer: glutamine
●● describe glutamine
, Answer: fuel for small bowel enterocytes and neoplastic cells, MC
amino acid in bloostream and tissue, releases NH4 in kidney and helps
with nitrogen excretion, can be used for gluconeogensis
●● preop nutritional assessment: half lives of albumin vs transferrin vs
prealbumin
Answer: albumin = 18d, transferrin = 10d, prealb = 2d
●● preop nutritional assessment: normal protein and albumin levels
Answer: protein = 6.0-8.5 ... albumin = 3.5-5.5
●● preop nutritional assessment: acute indicators of nutritional status
Answer: retinal binding protein, prealbumin (half life 2d), transferrin
(half life 10d)
●● preop nutritional assessment: IBW
Answer: M = 106lb + 6lb for every inch over 5ft .... F = 100lb + 5lb for
every inch over 5ft
●● preop nutritional assessment: preop signs of poor nutritional status
Answer: acute weight loss >10% in 6mo ... weight <85% of IBW ... alb
<3.0
COMPLETE ANSWER KEY
●● calories from fat, protein, PO carbs, dextrose
Answer: fat 9cal/g, protein 4, PO carbs 4, dextrose 3.4
●● nutritional requirements for average healthy adult M
Answer: 20% protein (1g prot/kg/day, 20% should be essential amino
acids), 30% fat (important for essential fatty acids), 50% carbs
●● conditions that increase kcal requirement
Answer: trauma, surgery, sepsis - can inc kcal requirements 20-40% ....
pregnancy inc 300kcal/day ... lactation inc 500kcal/day ... protein needs
also increase with above .... burns - 25kcal/kg/day + 30kcal/day * %
burn, 1-1.5g/kg/day + 3g * %burn
●● energy expenditure and temp control
Answer: much of energy expenditure if used for heat production
●● effect of fever on basal metabolic rate
Answer: increases 10% for every degree above 38deg
●● calculate caloric need for overweight pt
,Answer: weight = [(actual weight - ideal body weight) x 0.25] + IBW
●● harris-benedict equation
Answer: calculates basal energy expenditure based on weight, height,
age, and gender
●● TPN vs PPN
Answer: TPN = central line, glucose based, max glucose administration
is 3g/kg/hr ... PPN = fat based
●● fuel for colonocytes vs small bowel enterocytes
Answer: colonocytes = short-chain fatty acids (i.e. butyric acid) .... small
bowel enterocytes = glutamine
●● primary fuel for most neoplsatic cells
Answer: glutamine
●● MC amino acid in bloodstream and tissue
Answer: glutamine
●● describe glutamine
, Answer: fuel for small bowel enterocytes and neoplastic cells, MC
amino acid in bloostream and tissue, releases NH4 in kidney and helps
with nitrogen excretion, can be used for gluconeogensis
●● preop nutritional assessment: half lives of albumin vs transferrin vs
prealbumin
Answer: albumin = 18d, transferrin = 10d, prealb = 2d
●● preop nutritional assessment: normal protein and albumin levels
Answer: protein = 6.0-8.5 ... albumin = 3.5-5.5
●● preop nutritional assessment: acute indicators of nutritional status
Answer: retinal binding protein, prealbumin (half life 2d), transferrin
(half life 10d)
●● preop nutritional assessment: IBW
Answer: M = 106lb + 6lb for every inch over 5ft .... F = 100lb + 5lb for
every inch over 5ft
●● preop nutritional assessment: preop signs of poor nutritional status
Answer: acute weight loss >10% in 6mo ... weight <85% of IBW ... alb
<3.0
