NR 546 Midterm Exam Chamberlain
Advanced Pharmacology 2026/2027 –
Questions and Answers | 100%
Verified | Detailed Rationales – Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded| Instant
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What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical
restraints? - answer-allergy status
-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in
the chemical restraint
-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
Are the PMHNP and other staff liable if the client has an allergic
reaction or adverse side effects to the drugs used for chemical
restraint? - answerNo.
The client has been court-ordered to take the prescribed
medications and the standing order for chemical restraints is
approved. The PMHNP and other staff are not liable if the patient
has an allergic reaction or adverse side effects.
How does reviewing the genetic makeup of a client help guide the
PMHNP in selecting medication for clients? - answer-Genetic
testing can assist by providing more information on how clients
may respond to certain psychotropic medications
-provides information on how a client may break down and
metabolize medications based on the cytochrome P450 system.
,Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to
determine the presence of an inherited link for schizophrenia and
why one twin may develop schizophrenia when the other does
not. When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't both
persons develop the exact illnesses? Studies of identical Danish
twins found that if one twin had schizophrenia, the other twin had
a 50% lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia (Lemvigh et al.,
2020). Why is there only half the risk? - answerBoth
environmental and psychosocial stressors can impact mental
health. Although twins may have identical genes, their gene
expression may be different.
There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on"
that should have been "off" for one twin to develop schizophrenia
and not the other.
central sulcus - answerseparates the frontal lobe from the parietal
lobe
frontal lobe - answerassociated with movement, intelligence,
abstract thinking
broca's area - answerspeech production
temporal lobe - answerinvolves object identification and auditory
signals
cerebellum - answercoordination
wernicke's area - answerspeech comprehension
occipital lobe - answerprimary visual area
parietal lobe - answerkeeps us alert to what is going on around us
,sensory cortex - answerpain, heat, and other sensations
motor cortex - answermovement
hippocampus - answerinvolved in both memory and anxiety
nucleus accumbens - answerinvolved in the reward process
thalamus - answerinvolved in sensory organ and motor command
processing
striatum - answerinvolved in complex motor actions, also links
cognition to motor actions
limbic system - answerincludes circuits that are associated with
pleasure and reward
basal ganglia - answergroup of structures involved in voluntary
motor movements
amygdala - answerinvolved in emotional regulation and
perception of odors
corpus callosum - answercontrols the communication between the
two brain hemispheres
white matter - answercontains nerve fibers that connect neurons
from different regions into functional circuits
grey matter - answercontains nerve cells and dendrites
brain tissue - answermade up of grey matter and white matter
dorsal striatum - answerinvolved in complex motor actions and
linkage of cognition to motor actions
, -main input area for basal ganglia
*activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure
The field of epigenetics is rapidly growing and can help explain
how gene expression is: - answerinfluenced by environmental
factors and how epigenetics contributes to the manifestation of
mental illness
How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? -
answerinternal or external factors activate portions of the genome
that result in the manifestation of mental health symptoms
-activation is often a result of a stressful event, which, when
combined with the genetic risk, results in the disease
-genes being on or off
-occurrence of symptoms may be the result of inheritance of an
abnormal gene or of normal genes being "on" when they should
be "off."
Types of epigenetic changes: - answerDNA Methylation
Histone modification
Non-coding RNA
The potential legal and ethical issues impacting mental health
treatment must also be taken into account, including: - answer-
informed consent
-competence to make healthcare decisions
-off-label prescribing
Informed consent - answerClients have the right to receive
enough information to make decisions about treatment.
-must also be informed about potential risks associated with
medications.
-have the right to refuse treatment
-cannot be forcibly medicated in non-emergencies. However,
clients can be forcibly medicated if they are violent toward
Advanced Pharmacology 2026/2027 –
Questions and Answers | 100%
Verified | Detailed Rationales – Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded| Instant
Download pdf
What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical
restraints? - answer-allergy status
-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in
the chemical restraint
-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
Are the PMHNP and other staff liable if the client has an allergic
reaction or adverse side effects to the drugs used for chemical
restraint? - answerNo.
The client has been court-ordered to take the prescribed
medications and the standing order for chemical restraints is
approved. The PMHNP and other staff are not liable if the patient
has an allergic reaction or adverse side effects.
How does reviewing the genetic makeup of a client help guide the
PMHNP in selecting medication for clients? - answer-Genetic
testing can assist by providing more information on how clients
may respond to certain psychotropic medications
-provides information on how a client may break down and
metabolize medications based on the cytochrome P450 system.
,Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to
determine the presence of an inherited link for schizophrenia and
why one twin may develop schizophrenia when the other does
not. When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't both
persons develop the exact illnesses? Studies of identical Danish
twins found that if one twin had schizophrenia, the other twin had
a 50% lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia (Lemvigh et al.,
2020). Why is there only half the risk? - answerBoth
environmental and psychosocial stressors can impact mental
health. Although twins may have identical genes, their gene
expression may be different.
There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on"
that should have been "off" for one twin to develop schizophrenia
and not the other.
central sulcus - answerseparates the frontal lobe from the parietal
lobe
frontal lobe - answerassociated with movement, intelligence,
abstract thinking
broca's area - answerspeech production
temporal lobe - answerinvolves object identification and auditory
signals
cerebellum - answercoordination
wernicke's area - answerspeech comprehension
occipital lobe - answerprimary visual area
parietal lobe - answerkeeps us alert to what is going on around us
,sensory cortex - answerpain, heat, and other sensations
motor cortex - answermovement
hippocampus - answerinvolved in both memory and anxiety
nucleus accumbens - answerinvolved in the reward process
thalamus - answerinvolved in sensory organ and motor command
processing
striatum - answerinvolved in complex motor actions, also links
cognition to motor actions
limbic system - answerincludes circuits that are associated with
pleasure and reward
basal ganglia - answergroup of structures involved in voluntary
motor movements
amygdala - answerinvolved in emotional regulation and
perception of odors
corpus callosum - answercontrols the communication between the
two brain hemispheres
white matter - answercontains nerve fibers that connect neurons
from different regions into functional circuits
grey matter - answercontains nerve cells and dendrites
brain tissue - answermade up of grey matter and white matter
dorsal striatum - answerinvolved in complex motor actions and
linkage of cognition to motor actions
, -main input area for basal ganglia
*activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure
The field of epigenetics is rapidly growing and can help explain
how gene expression is: - answerinfluenced by environmental
factors and how epigenetics contributes to the manifestation of
mental illness
How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? -
answerinternal or external factors activate portions of the genome
that result in the manifestation of mental health symptoms
-activation is often a result of a stressful event, which, when
combined with the genetic risk, results in the disease
-genes being on or off
-occurrence of symptoms may be the result of inheritance of an
abnormal gene or of normal genes being "on" when they should
be "off."
Types of epigenetic changes: - answerDNA Methylation
Histone modification
Non-coding RNA
The potential legal and ethical issues impacting mental health
treatment must also be taken into account, including: - answer-
informed consent
-competence to make healthcare decisions
-off-label prescribing
Informed consent - answerClients have the right to receive
enough information to make decisions about treatment.
-must also be informed about potential risks associated with
medications.
-have the right to refuse treatment
-cannot be forcibly medicated in non-emergencies. However,
clients can be forcibly medicated if they are violent toward
