Page 1 of 52
EMT-B AAOS FINAL TEST – COMPREHENSIVE
2026 COMPLETE (125) CURRENT TESTING
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES.
EMT
Prepare for the EMT-B AAOS Final Test with focused review materials
covering EMS systems, patient assessment, airway management,
ventilation and oxygenation, cardiology and resuscitation, trauma care,
medical emergencies, obstetric and gynecologic emergencies, pediatric
and geriatric care, environmental emergencies, ambulance operations,
medical terminology, pharmacology fundamentals, and emergency
medical ethics. Designed to build confidence in assessing patients,
prioritizing interventions, managing medical and trauma emergencies,
and delivering safe, effective care in accordance with current EMS
standards. Suitable for EMT students, emergency medical personnel, and
candidates preparing for the EMT-B AAOS Final Test.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
SECTION 1: AIRWAY MANAGEMENT & RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES
(Questions 1–25)
1. What is the first step in managing any patient with a potential
airway problem?
A. Insert an oropharyngeal airway
B. Administer high-flow oxygen
C. Assess responsiveness and open the airway
D. Prepare for suctioning
, Page 2 of 52
Correct answer: C. Assess responsiveness and open the airway
Rationale: The first step is to assess responsiveness and, if
unresponsive, open the airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift or
jaw-thrust maneuver.
2. Which airway maneuver is used for a patient with suspected spinal
injury?
A. Head-tilt, chin-lift
B. Jaw-thrust without head extension
C. Supraglottic airway insertion
D. Oropharyngeal airway only
Correct answer: B. Jaw-thrust without head extension
Rationale: The jaw-thrust maneuver opens the airway without
moving the head or neck, making it the preferred technique for
patients with suspected spinal injury.
3. An adult patient has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min with poor
tidal volume. Which device should be used?
A. Nasal cannula at 6 L/min
B. Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
C. Bag-valve mask (BVM) with supplemental oxygen
D. Simple face mask at 10 L/min
Correct answer: C. Bag-valve mask (BVM) with supplemental
oxygen
Rationale: Inadequate rate and tidal volume require positive
pressure ventilation with a BVM.
4. A patient with difficulty breathing has unilateral absent breath
sounds and tracheal deviation. The EMT should suspect:
A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Asthma exacerbation
C. Pulmonary edema
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D. Foreign body airway obstruction
Correct answer: A. Tension pneumothorax
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax presents with absent breath
sounds on one side and tracheal deviation away from the
affected side.
5. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is indicated for which
condition?
A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Severe asthma with altered mental status
C. Pulmonary edema and respiratory distress with adequate
mental status
D. Complete airway obstruction
Correct answer: C. Pulmonary edema and respiratory distress
with adequate mental status
Rationale: CPAP is indicated for patients with pulmonary
edema, COPD, or asthma who are alert and able to follow
commands.
6. Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate for a patient who
is breathing adequately but requires high concentrations of
oxygen?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. Partial non-rebreather mask
Correct answer: C. Non-rebreather mask
Rationale: A non-rebreather mask can deliver up to 90% oxygen
at flow rates of 10-15 L/min. The reservoir bag must be inflated
before application.
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7. An adult patient is choking and is conscious but unable to speak or
cough effectively. The EMT should:
A. Perform abdominal thrusts
B. Perform back blows
C. Encourage coughing
D. Administer oxygen
Correct answer: A. Perform abdominal thrusts
Rationale: For a conscious adult with severe airway obstruction
(unable to speak, ineffective cough), abdominal thrusts
(Heimlich maneuver) are indicated. Back blows are used for
infants.
8. What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for two-
rescuer adult CPR?
A. 15:2
B. 30:2
C. 30:1
D. 15:1
Correct answer: B. 30:2
Rationale: AHA guidelines specify 30:2 for both single-rescuer
and two-rescuer adult CPR.
9. A patient presents with stridor, which is a high-pitched sound heard
on inspiration. This is most consistent with:
A. Upper airway obstruction
B. Lower airway obstruction
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Pneumothorax
Correct answer: A. Upper airway obstruction
Rationale: Stridor is a high-pitched, crowing sound heard on
EMT-B AAOS FINAL TEST – COMPREHENSIVE
2026 COMPLETE (125) CURRENT TESTING
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES.
EMT
Prepare for the EMT-B AAOS Final Test with focused review materials
covering EMS systems, patient assessment, airway management,
ventilation and oxygenation, cardiology and resuscitation, trauma care,
medical emergencies, obstetric and gynecologic emergencies, pediatric
and geriatric care, environmental emergencies, ambulance operations,
medical terminology, pharmacology fundamentals, and emergency
medical ethics. Designed to build confidence in assessing patients,
prioritizing interventions, managing medical and trauma emergencies,
and delivering safe, effective care in accordance with current EMS
standards. Suitable for EMT students, emergency medical personnel, and
candidates preparing for the EMT-B AAOS Final Test.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
SECTION 1: AIRWAY MANAGEMENT & RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES
(Questions 1–25)
1. What is the first step in managing any patient with a potential
airway problem?
A. Insert an oropharyngeal airway
B. Administer high-flow oxygen
C. Assess responsiveness and open the airway
D. Prepare for suctioning
, Page 2 of 52
Correct answer: C. Assess responsiveness and open the airway
Rationale: The first step is to assess responsiveness and, if
unresponsive, open the airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift or
jaw-thrust maneuver.
2. Which airway maneuver is used for a patient with suspected spinal
injury?
A. Head-tilt, chin-lift
B. Jaw-thrust without head extension
C. Supraglottic airway insertion
D. Oropharyngeal airway only
Correct answer: B. Jaw-thrust without head extension
Rationale: The jaw-thrust maneuver opens the airway without
moving the head or neck, making it the preferred technique for
patients with suspected spinal injury.
3. An adult patient has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min with poor
tidal volume. Which device should be used?
A. Nasal cannula at 6 L/min
B. Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
C. Bag-valve mask (BVM) with supplemental oxygen
D. Simple face mask at 10 L/min
Correct answer: C. Bag-valve mask (BVM) with supplemental
oxygen
Rationale: Inadequate rate and tidal volume require positive
pressure ventilation with a BVM.
4. A patient with difficulty breathing has unilateral absent breath
sounds and tracheal deviation. The EMT should suspect:
A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Asthma exacerbation
C. Pulmonary edema
, Page 3 of 52
D. Foreign body airway obstruction
Correct answer: A. Tension pneumothorax
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax presents with absent breath
sounds on one side and tracheal deviation away from the
affected side.
5. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is indicated for which
condition?
A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Severe asthma with altered mental status
C. Pulmonary edema and respiratory distress with adequate
mental status
D. Complete airway obstruction
Correct answer: C. Pulmonary edema and respiratory distress
with adequate mental status
Rationale: CPAP is indicated for patients with pulmonary
edema, COPD, or asthma who are alert and able to follow
commands.
6. Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate for a patient who
is breathing adequately but requires high concentrations of
oxygen?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. Partial non-rebreather mask
Correct answer: C. Non-rebreather mask
Rationale: A non-rebreather mask can deliver up to 90% oxygen
at flow rates of 10-15 L/min. The reservoir bag must be inflated
before application.
, Page 4 of 52
7. An adult patient is choking and is conscious but unable to speak or
cough effectively. The EMT should:
A. Perform abdominal thrusts
B. Perform back blows
C. Encourage coughing
D. Administer oxygen
Correct answer: A. Perform abdominal thrusts
Rationale: For a conscious adult with severe airway obstruction
(unable to speak, ineffective cough), abdominal thrusts
(Heimlich maneuver) are indicated. Back blows are used for
infants.
8. What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for two-
rescuer adult CPR?
A. 15:2
B. 30:2
C. 30:1
D. 15:1
Correct answer: B. 30:2
Rationale: AHA guidelines specify 30:2 for both single-rescuer
and two-rescuer adult CPR.
9. A patient presents with stridor, which is a high-pitched sound heard
on inspiration. This is most consistent with:
A. Upper airway obstruction
B. Lower airway obstruction
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Pneumothorax
Correct answer: A. Upper airway obstruction
Rationale: Stridor is a high-pitched, crowing sound heard on
