What is sensory experience? Reception and perception of sensory data.
What are the five senses? Sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch.
What is orientation? Awareness of one's body and surroundings.
What is kinesthetic and visceral orientation? Awareness of body movement and internal sensations.
What is proprioception? Awareness of body position and movement.
What is sensory perception? Organizing and interpreting sensory data.
What are the four conditions to be met in each sensory experience? Stimulus, receptor reception, nerve impulse to brain, brain reception and translation.
What is the reticular activating system (RAS)? Regulates arousal and attention.
What is sensoristasis? Optimal state of arousal.
What is adaptation? Adjustment to sensory stimuli over time.
What are the states of arousal/awareness? Conscious and unconscious.
What are the characteristics of delirium? Disorientation, restlessness, agitation.
What are the characteristics of dementia? Spatial orientation, memory, language diflculties.
What are the characteristics of confusion? Reduced awareness.
What are the characteristics of somnolence? Extreme drowsiness, normal response.
What are the characteristics of minimally conscious state? Partial consciousness, inconsistent following of commands.
What are the characteristics of locked-in syndrome? Quadriplegic, fully conscious.
What are the characteristics of sensory deprivation? Decreased sensory input, perceptual, cognitive, and emotional disturbances.
What are the characteristics of sensory overload? Excessive stimuli, inability to respond meaningfully.
What is sensory deficit? Impaired or absent function of a sense.
What is sensory processing disorder? Diflculty in taking in and organizing sensory information, attects social interaction.
What is a sensory craver? Desire to touch everything and increased craving for movement.
Easily distracted, responds to situations in extreme ways, takes a long time to calm down after
What are the characteristics of someone with sensory over-responsivity?
becoming upset.
Confusion with basic concepts, poor body awareness, trouble hearing, inappropriate force
What are the characteristics of someone with sensory discrimination disorder?
with objects.
Poor posture, diflculty keeping up with other children, trouble with coordination, finds
What are the characteristics of someone with postural disorder?
movement activities daunting.
Clumsy, misjudges objects when reaching out, slow in movements, lacks motivation for sports,
What are the characteristics of someone with dyspraxia?
emotionally insecure.
What is sensory poverty? Overwhelmed by devices, not taking in the world with our senses.
What are some factors attecting sensory stimulation? Developmental considerations, culture, personality and lifestyle, stress and illness, medication.
Infants need touch, rocking, soothing, bright objects. Children need play. Sensory function
What are some developmental considerations for sensory stimulation?
decreases with age.
How does culture attect sensory stimulation? Amount of touch, consider normal environment.
How does personality and lifestyle attect sensory stimulation? Thrill seeker vs. quiet homebody.
How does stress and illness attect sensory stimulation? Activities may be attected due to illness.
How does medication attect sensory stimulation? Alters the central nervous system, impairs functioning of receptors.
What are the steps in the nursing process for sensory functioning? Assessment, diagnoses, plan, intervention.
, What should be assessed in sensory functioning? Sensory experience, objective data, self-care.
What are some possible diagnoses related to sensory functioning? Acute confusion, chronic confusion, impaired memory.
What should be included in the plan for sensory functioning? Safety, prevention, teaching.
What is health literacy? The ability to obtain, understand, and use healthcare information.
What are visual/hearing needs? Specific requirements for patients with visual or hearing impairments.
How to handle confused patients? Provide clear and simple instructions, use visual aids if possible.
How to handle unconscious patients? Ensure patient safety, monitor vital signs, and provide necessary medical interventions.
To determine the ettectiveness of interventions and decide whether to continue, modify, or
What is the purpose of evaluation in healthcare?
discontinue them.
What is pain? Complex, mysterious, personal
What are the steps in the pain process? Transduction, transmission, perception, modulation
What is transduction? Activation of pain receptors
What is transmission? Pathways, pain reflex
What is perception? Interpretation of pain
What is modulation? Inhibition or modification of pain
What is the gate control theory? Most practical theory of pain modulation
What are the types of pain based on duration? Acute, chronic
What is acute pain? Rapid onset, varying intensity, signal of injury or disease
Give examples of acute pain. Sore throat, surgical pain
What is chronic pain? Remission, exacerbation, persistent; can be poorly localized
What are the ettects of chronic pain? Withdrawal, depression, anger, frustration, dependency
What are the sources of pain? Cutaneous, somatic, visceral; can be referred
What are the etiologies of pain? Nociceptive, neuropathic, intractable, phantom, psychogenic
What are the behavioral responses to pain? Moaning, grimacing, crying; restlessness
What are the physiological responses to pain? Increased BP, HR, RR, N&V, warm dry skin, muscle tension, anxiety
What are the attective responses to pain? Withdrawal, stoicism; hopelessness, powerlessness
What factors can attect pain? Cultural/ethnic, environment/support, anxiety/fatigue, past experience
What is PQRSTU used for? Pain assessment
What are some pain scales used for assessment? 0-10, FLACC, Wong Baker FACES, COMFORT
Initial verbalization/description, onset, duration, location, quality/character, intensity, aggra-
What are the components of pain assessment?
vating factors
What are alleviating factors? Factors that make pain better.
What are other contributing or related factors to pain? Fear, depression, insomnia.
What is the ettect of pain on functioning? Can attect activities of daily living (ADLs) and work.
What is the pain management goal? To reduce pain and improve quality of life.
What does the FLACC Scale stand for? Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability.
What does the FLACC Scale assess? Pain in nonverbal patients, such as infants or those with cognitive impairments.
What are the five senses? Sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch.
What is orientation? Awareness of one's body and surroundings.
What is kinesthetic and visceral orientation? Awareness of body movement and internal sensations.
What is proprioception? Awareness of body position and movement.
What is sensory perception? Organizing and interpreting sensory data.
What are the four conditions to be met in each sensory experience? Stimulus, receptor reception, nerve impulse to brain, brain reception and translation.
What is the reticular activating system (RAS)? Regulates arousal and attention.
What is sensoristasis? Optimal state of arousal.
What is adaptation? Adjustment to sensory stimuli over time.
What are the states of arousal/awareness? Conscious and unconscious.
What are the characteristics of delirium? Disorientation, restlessness, agitation.
What are the characteristics of dementia? Spatial orientation, memory, language diflculties.
What are the characteristics of confusion? Reduced awareness.
What are the characteristics of somnolence? Extreme drowsiness, normal response.
What are the characteristics of minimally conscious state? Partial consciousness, inconsistent following of commands.
What are the characteristics of locked-in syndrome? Quadriplegic, fully conscious.
What are the characteristics of sensory deprivation? Decreased sensory input, perceptual, cognitive, and emotional disturbances.
What are the characteristics of sensory overload? Excessive stimuli, inability to respond meaningfully.
What is sensory deficit? Impaired or absent function of a sense.
What is sensory processing disorder? Diflculty in taking in and organizing sensory information, attects social interaction.
What is a sensory craver? Desire to touch everything and increased craving for movement.
Easily distracted, responds to situations in extreme ways, takes a long time to calm down after
What are the characteristics of someone with sensory over-responsivity?
becoming upset.
Confusion with basic concepts, poor body awareness, trouble hearing, inappropriate force
What are the characteristics of someone with sensory discrimination disorder?
with objects.
Poor posture, diflculty keeping up with other children, trouble with coordination, finds
What are the characteristics of someone with postural disorder?
movement activities daunting.
Clumsy, misjudges objects when reaching out, slow in movements, lacks motivation for sports,
What are the characteristics of someone with dyspraxia?
emotionally insecure.
What is sensory poverty? Overwhelmed by devices, not taking in the world with our senses.
What are some factors attecting sensory stimulation? Developmental considerations, culture, personality and lifestyle, stress and illness, medication.
Infants need touch, rocking, soothing, bright objects. Children need play. Sensory function
What are some developmental considerations for sensory stimulation?
decreases with age.
How does culture attect sensory stimulation? Amount of touch, consider normal environment.
How does personality and lifestyle attect sensory stimulation? Thrill seeker vs. quiet homebody.
How does stress and illness attect sensory stimulation? Activities may be attected due to illness.
How does medication attect sensory stimulation? Alters the central nervous system, impairs functioning of receptors.
What are the steps in the nursing process for sensory functioning? Assessment, diagnoses, plan, intervention.
, What should be assessed in sensory functioning? Sensory experience, objective data, self-care.
What are some possible diagnoses related to sensory functioning? Acute confusion, chronic confusion, impaired memory.
What should be included in the plan for sensory functioning? Safety, prevention, teaching.
What is health literacy? The ability to obtain, understand, and use healthcare information.
What are visual/hearing needs? Specific requirements for patients with visual or hearing impairments.
How to handle confused patients? Provide clear and simple instructions, use visual aids if possible.
How to handle unconscious patients? Ensure patient safety, monitor vital signs, and provide necessary medical interventions.
To determine the ettectiveness of interventions and decide whether to continue, modify, or
What is the purpose of evaluation in healthcare?
discontinue them.
What is pain? Complex, mysterious, personal
What are the steps in the pain process? Transduction, transmission, perception, modulation
What is transduction? Activation of pain receptors
What is transmission? Pathways, pain reflex
What is perception? Interpretation of pain
What is modulation? Inhibition or modification of pain
What is the gate control theory? Most practical theory of pain modulation
What are the types of pain based on duration? Acute, chronic
What is acute pain? Rapid onset, varying intensity, signal of injury or disease
Give examples of acute pain. Sore throat, surgical pain
What is chronic pain? Remission, exacerbation, persistent; can be poorly localized
What are the ettects of chronic pain? Withdrawal, depression, anger, frustration, dependency
What are the sources of pain? Cutaneous, somatic, visceral; can be referred
What are the etiologies of pain? Nociceptive, neuropathic, intractable, phantom, psychogenic
What are the behavioral responses to pain? Moaning, grimacing, crying; restlessness
What are the physiological responses to pain? Increased BP, HR, RR, N&V, warm dry skin, muscle tension, anxiety
What are the attective responses to pain? Withdrawal, stoicism; hopelessness, powerlessness
What factors can attect pain? Cultural/ethnic, environment/support, anxiety/fatigue, past experience
What is PQRSTU used for? Pain assessment
What are some pain scales used for assessment? 0-10, FLACC, Wong Baker FACES, COMFORT
Initial verbalization/description, onset, duration, location, quality/character, intensity, aggra-
What are the components of pain assessment?
vating factors
What are alleviating factors? Factors that make pain better.
What are other contributing or related factors to pain? Fear, depression, insomnia.
What is the ettect of pain on functioning? Can attect activities of daily living (ADLs) and work.
What is the pain management goal? To reduce pain and improve quality of life.
What does the FLACC Scale stand for? Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability.
What does the FLACC Scale assess? Pain in nonverbal patients, such as infants or those with cognitive impairments.
