ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY CORRECTLY TO SCORE CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ b. Answer: Changes in mean arterial pressure have the potential to alter
glomerular filtration rate by directly altering ______.
a)glomerular oncotic pressure
b)glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
c)bowman's capsule oncotic pressure
d)efferent arteriole resistance
◉ oncotic pressure. Answer: form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins
in a blood vessel's plasma that usually tends to pull water into the
circulatory system
◉ a. Answer: What is the normal glomerular filtration rate?
a)125 mL/min
b)625 mL/min
c)3 L/day
d)30 L/day
◉ 180 L/day. Answer: what is the normal glomerular filtration rate in
L/day
,◉ b. Answer: Over what range of mean arterial pressure does glomerular
filtration rate remain stable due to intrinsic regulation?
a)50-150 mmHg
b)80-180 mmHg
c)70-110 mmHg
d)80-100 mmHg
◉ d. Answer: In tubuloglomerular feedback, an increase in glomerular
filtration rate would increase the ______, thereby stimulating the release of a
paracrine factor from the macula densa that would ______.
a)afferent arterial pressure; increase filtrate flow
b)flow of tubular fluid; dilate the afferent arteriole
c)flow of tubular fluid; constrict the efferent arteriole
d)flow of tubular fluid; constrict the afferent arteriole
◉ b. Answer: What is the primary barrier to reabsorption in the renal
tubules?
a)capillary endothelial cell
b)tubule epithelial cell
c)capillary basement membrane
d)peritubular space
◉ d. Answer: When the solute concentration is high enough in the lumen of
the renal tubules such that all of the carrier proteins or pumps are
occupied, the system is operating at _______.
,a)diffusional saturation
b)tubular threshold
c)renal threshold
d)transport maximum
◉ d. Answer: Substances can enter the renal tubules by ______.
a)filtration only
b)reabsorption only
c)secretion only
d)both filtration and secretion
e)both filtration and reabsorption
f)both reabsorption and secretion
g) all of the above
◉ b. Answer: Which of the following for determining clearance is correct?
a) clearance = (plasma concentration x urine flow rate)/urine
concentration
b)clearance = (urine concentration x urine flow rate)/plasma
concentration
c) clearance = urine concentration/(plasma concentration x urine flow
rate)
◉ d. Answer: The regulation of water and ion excretion occurs primarily
within the _______.
a) proximal tubules only
, b)late distal tubules only
c)collecting ducts only
d)both collecting ducts and late distal tubules
◉ a. Answer: The regulation of sodium and water balance in the kidneys
occurs primarily through the unique action of the _____ cells in the distal
tubules and collecting ducts.
a)principal
b)mesengial
c)ganular
d)podocytes
◉ pudendal nerve. Answer: main nerve of perineum and is the chief sensory
nerve of external genitalia
◉ superior gluteal nerve. Answer: innervates the gluteus medius, gluteus
minimus, and tensor fascia
◉ inferior gluteal nerve. Answer: innervates the gluteus maximus
◉ pelvic splanchnic nerves. Answer: parasympathetic nerves that regulate the
emptying of the bladder, emptying of the rectum, and erection
◉ 2 internal iliac, median sacral, superior rectal. Answer: 4 main arteries of the
pelvic region of males
EVALUATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ b. Answer: Changes in mean arterial pressure have the potential to alter
glomerular filtration rate by directly altering ______.
a)glomerular oncotic pressure
b)glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
c)bowman's capsule oncotic pressure
d)efferent arteriole resistance
◉ oncotic pressure. Answer: form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins
in a blood vessel's plasma that usually tends to pull water into the
circulatory system
◉ a. Answer: What is the normal glomerular filtration rate?
a)125 mL/min
b)625 mL/min
c)3 L/day
d)30 L/day
◉ 180 L/day. Answer: what is the normal glomerular filtration rate in
L/day
,◉ b. Answer: Over what range of mean arterial pressure does glomerular
filtration rate remain stable due to intrinsic regulation?
a)50-150 mmHg
b)80-180 mmHg
c)70-110 mmHg
d)80-100 mmHg
◉ d. Answer: In tubuloglomerular feedback, an increase in glomerular
filtration rate would increase the ______, thereby stimulating the release of a
paracrine factor from the macula densa that would ______.
a)afferent arterial pressure; increase filtrate flow
b)flow of tubular fluid; dilate the afferent arteriole
c)flow of tubular fluid; constrict the efferent arteriole
d)flow of tubular fluid; constrict the afferent arteriole
◉ b. Answer: What is the primary barrier to reabsorption in the renal
tubules?
a)capillary endothelial cell
b)tubule epithelial cell
c)capillary basement membrane
d)peritubular space
◉ d. Answer: When the solute concentration is high enough in the lumen of
the renal tubules such that all of the carrier proteins or pumps are
occupied, the system is operating at _______.
,a)diffusional saturation
b)tubular threshold
c)renal threshold
d)transport maximum
◉ d. Answer: Substances can enter the renal tubules by ______.
a)filtration only
b)reabsorption only
c)secretion only
d)both filtration and secretion
e)both filtration and reabsorption
f)both reabsorption and secretion
g) all of the above
◉ b. Answer: Which of the following for determining clearance is correct?
a) clearance = (plasma concentration x urine flow rate)/urine
concentration
b)clearance = (urine concentration x urine flow rate)/plasma
concentration
c) clearance = urine concentration/(plasma concentration x urine flow
rate)
◉ d. Answer: The regulation of water and ion excretion occurs primarily
within the _______.
a) proximal tubules only
, b)late distal tubules only
c)collecting ducts only
d)both collecting ducts and late distal tubules
◉ a. Answer: The regulation of sodium and water balance in the kidneys
occurs primarily through the unique action of the _____ cells in the distal
tubules and collecting ducts.
a)principal
b)mesengial
c)ganular
d)podocytes
◉ pudendal nerve. Answer: main nerve of perineum and is the chief sensory
nerve of external genitalia
◉ superior gluteal nerve. Answer: innervates the gluteus medius, gluteus
minimus, and tensor fascia
◉ inferior gluteal nerve. Answer: innervates the gluteus maximus
◉ pelvic splanchnic nerves. Answer: parasympathetic nerves that regulate the
emptying of the bladder, emptying of the rectum, and erection
◉ 2 internal iliac, median sacral, superior rectal. Answer: 4 main arteries of the
pelvic region of males
