NURS 498 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | NURS
498 FINAL STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
After the nurse has completed teaching a client with newly diagnosed celiac disease, which of the
following breakfast choices by the client indicates good understanding of the information?
a. Bagel with cream cheese
b. Whole wheat toast with butter
c. Oatmeal with non-fat milk
d. Corn tortilla with eggs - ANS ✔✔D
A client with ulcerative colitis who is taking azathioprine calls the nurse in the outpatient clinic about all
of these symptoms. Which of the following symptoms is most important to communicate to the health
care provider?
a. Elevated temperature
b. Frequent headaches
c. Nausea
d. Joint pain - ANS ✔✔A
A client with a gunshot wound to the abdomen undergoes surgery, and a colostomy is formed as
illustrated. Which of the following information should the nurse include in client teaching?
a. This type of colostomy is usually temporary.
b. Soft, formed stool can be expected as drainage.
c. Stool will be expelled from both ostomy stomas.
d. Irrigations can regulate drainage from the stomas. - ANS ✔✔A
The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client following gastrectomy and should instruct the client
to take which measures to assist in preventing dumping symdrom?
a.
ambulate following a meal
b.
limit the fluid taken with meals
c.
eat high-carbohydrate foods
d.
sit in a high-fowlers position during meals. - ANS ✔✔B
A nurse is developing a care plan for a client with hepatic encephalopathy. Which are goals for the care
for this client? Select all that apply.
a. monitor coordination while walking
b. encourage physical activity
c. administer lactulose to reduce blood ammonia levels
d. prevent constipation
e. check the pupil reaction
provide food and fluids high in
f. carbohydrates - ANS ✔✔A, c, d, e, f
, A client with cirrhosis is receiving lactulose. The nurse notes the client is more confused and has
asterixis. The nurse should:
a.
withhold the lactulose
b.
monitor serum bilirubin levels
c.
increase protein in the diet
d.
assess for gastrointestinal bleeding - ANS ✔✔D
The nurse is caring for a client who returns to the surgical nursing unit following a vertical banded
gastroplasty with a nasogastric tube to low, intermittent suction and a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)
machine for pain control. Which of the following nursing actions should be included in the postoperative
plan of care?
a. Support the surgical incision during client coughing and turning in bed.
b. Irrigate the nasogastric (NG) tube frequently with normal saline.
c. Offer sips of sweetened liquids at frequent intervals.
d. Remind the client that PCA use may slow the return of bowel function. - ANS ✔✔A
A few months after bariatric surgery, an older-adult client tells the nurse, "My skin is hanging in folds. I
think I need cosmetic surgery." Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
a. "Cosmetic surgery is certainly a possibility once your weight has stabilized."
b. "The important thing is that your weight loss is improving your health."
c. "The skin folds will gradually disappear once most of the weight is lost."
d. "Perhaps you would like to talk to a counsellor about your body image." - ANS ✔✔A
The nurse is caring for a client following a gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II procedure). Which post-
operative prescription should the nurse question and verify?
a.
leg exercises
b.
early ambulation
c.
irrigating the nasogastric tube
d.
deep breathing and coughing exercises - ANS ✔✔C
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease about dietary
measures to implement during exacerbation episodes. Which statement made by the client indicates a
need for further instruction?
a.
"I'm going to learn some stress reduction techniques."
b.
"I will need to avoid caffeinated beverages."
c.
"I should increase the fibre in my diet."
498 FINAL STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
After the nurse has completed teaching a client with newly diagnosed celiac disease, which of the
following breakfast choices by the client indicates good understanding of the information?
a. Bagel with cream cheese
b. Whole wheat toast with butter
c. Oatmeal with non-fat milk
d. Corn tortilla with eggs - ANS ✔✔D
A client with ulcerative colitis who is taking azathioprine calls the nurse in the outpatient clinic about all
of these symptoms. Which of the following symptoms is most important to communicate to the health
care provider?
a. Elevated temperature
b. Frequent headaches
c. Nausea
d. Joint pain - ANS ✔✔A
A client with a gunshot wound to the abdomen undergoes surgery, and a colostomy is formed as
illustrated. Which of the following information should the nurse include in client teaching?
a. This type of colostomy is usually temporary.
b. Soft, formed stool can be expected as drainage.
c. Stool will be expelled from both ostomy stomas.
d. Irrigations can regulate drainage from the stomas. - ANS ✔✔A
The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client following gastrectomy and should instruct the client
to take which measures to assist in preventing dumping symdrom?
a.
ambulate following a meal
b.
limit the fluid taken with meals
c.
eat high-carbohydrate foods
d.
sit in a high-fowlers position during meals. - ANS ✔✔B
A nurse is developing a care plan for a client with hepatic encephalopathy. Which are goals for the care
for this client? Select all that apply.
a. monitor coordination while walking
b. encourage physical activity
c. administer lactulose to reduce blood ammonia levels
d. prevent constipation
e. check the pupil reaction
provide food and fluids high in
f. carbohydrates - ANS ✔✔A, c, d, e, f
, A client with cirrhosis is receiving lactulose. The nurse notes the client is more confused and has
asterixis. The nurse should:
a.
withhold the lactulose
b.
monitor serum bilirubin levels
c.
increase protein in the diet
d.
assess for gastrointestinal bleeding - ANS ✔✔D
The nurse is caring for a client who returns to the surgical nursing unit following a vertical banded
gastroplasty with a nasogastric tube to low, intermittent suction and a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)
machine for pain control. Which of the following nursing actions should be included in the postoperative
plan of care?
a. Support the surgical incision during client coughing and turning in bed.
b. Irrigate the nasogastric (NG) tube frequently with normal saline.
c. Offer sips of sweetened liquids at frequent intervals.
d. Remind the client that PCA use may slow the return of bowel function. - ANS ✔✔A
A few months after bariatric surgery, an older-adult client tells the nurse, "My skin is hanging in folds. I
think I need cosmetic surgery." Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
a. "Cosmetic surgery is certainly a possibility once your weight has stabilized."
b. "The important thing is that your weight loss is improving your health."
c. "The skin folds will gradually disappear once most of the weight is lost."
d. "Perhaps you would like to talk to a counsellor about your body image." - ANS ✔✔A
The nurse is caring for a client following a gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II procedure). Which post-
operative prescription should the nurse question and verify?
a.
leg exercises
b.
early ambulation
c.
irrigating the nasogastric tube
d.
deep breathing and coughing exercises - ANS ✔✔C
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease about dietary
measures to implement during exacerbation episodes. Which statement made by the client indicates a
need for further instruction?
a.
"I'm going to learn some stress reduction techniques."
b.
"I will need to avoid caffeinated beverages."
c.
"I should increase the fibre in my diet."
