LOUISIANA HORTICULTURE TEST STUDY GUIDE EXAM LATEST
2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS
(2026/2027) GRADE: A+|STATUS: GUARANTEED PASS
Define footcandle. What are ideal daytime and nighttime temperatures for most house plants? -
Answers -Foot Candles: The amount of light falling on one square foot one foot away from a
standard candle
Daytime- 70 to 80 degrees
Nighttime- 60 to 65 degrees
What are some foliage and flowering house plants that can be easily propagated from seed? -
Answers -These include such plants as schefflera, false aralia, tree philodendron, many palms,
cacti, and succulents.
What common group of plants is propagated from spores? - Answers -Ferns
What are these spore structures called? - Answers -Sori
List key identifying characteristics of insects. - Answers -1. Three body regions
2. three pairs of legs
3. one pair of antennae
4. one or two pairs of wings
1|Page
,What are an insects three body regions? - Answers -1. Head
2. Thorax
3. Abdomen
What are three different types of insect mouthparts? - Answers -Chewing, sucking, piercing-
sucking, lapping and sponging
What are two types of plant diseases? - Answers -Non-pathogenic and pathogenic
What are some environmental factors that contribute to plant diseases? - Answers -Moisture,
Temperature, Stage or Plant Growth, Disseminating Agents, Duration of Spore Release,
What three factors are required for a pathogenic disease? - Answers -1. A susceptible host
2. a parasitic organism
3. environmental conditions favorable to the development of the pathogen
Are any fungi beneficial? - Answers -Yes, they rot leaves, cause fermentation in the manufacture
of alcohol and cheese and are a derivative for medicines
Describe the reproductive process of fungi - Answers -1. Inoculation
2|Page
, 2. Penetration
3. Infection
4. Incubation
5. Invasion
6. Reproduction
7. Over wintering
What are some ways in which a fungus enters a plant? - Answers -1. Direct Penetration
2. Penetration through Stomates
3. penetration through wounds
How do bacteria differ from fungi? - Answers -Fungi- a multicellular organism which has no
roots, stems, or leaves and cannot make its own food. In the process of obtaining food from
higher plants, fungi injure roots, stems, leaves and fruit. All fungi, however, do not cause
disease.
Bacteria- a very primitive, minute one-celled plant closely related to fungi. Bacteria do not
produce spores. They reproduce by simple cell division.
What are nematodes, and how can they cause plant disease? - Answers -They're very tiny, eel-
shaped worms which live in the soil. They feed on plant roots, causing root injury which
interferes with the uptake of nutrients and water in the plant.
3|Page
2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS
(2026/2027) GRADE: A+|STATUS: GUARANTEED PASS
Define footcandle. What are ideal daytime and nighttime temperatures for most house plants? -
Answers -Foot Candles: The amount of light falling on one square foot one foot away from a
standard candle
Daytime- 70 to 80 degrees
Nighttime- 60 to 65 degrees
What are some foliage and flowering house plants that can be easily propagated from seed? -
Answers -These include such plants as schefflera, false aralia, tree philodendron, many palms,
cacti, and succulents.
What common group of plants is propagated from spores? - Answers -Ferns
What are these spore structures called? - Answers -Sori
List key identifying characteristics of insects. - Answers -1. Three body regions
2. three pairs of legs
3. one pair of antennae
4. one or two pairs of wings
1|Page
,What are an insects three body regions? - Answers -1. Head
2. Thorax
3. Abdomen
What are three different types of insect mouthparts? - Answers -Chewing, sucking, piercing-
sucking, lapping and sponging
What are two types of plant diseases? - Answers -Non-pathogenic and pathogenic
What are some environmental factors that contribute to plant diseases? - Answers -Moisture,
Temperature, Stage or Plant Growth, Disseminating Agents, Duration of Spore Release,
What three factors are required for a pathogenic disease? - Answers -1. A susceptible host
2. a parasitic organism
3. environmental conditions favorable to the development of the pathogen
Are any fungi beneficial? - Answers -Yes, they rot leaves, cause fermentation in the manufacture
of alcohol and cheese and are a derivative for medicines
Describe the reproductive process of fungi - Answers -1. Inoculation
2|Page
, 2. Penetration
3. Infection
4. Incubation
5. Invasion
6. Reproduction
7. Over wintering
What are some ways in which a fungus enters a plant? - Answers -1. Direct Penetration
2. Penetration through Stomates
3. penetration through wounds
How do bacteria differ from fungi? - Answers -Fungi- a multicellular organism which has no
roots, stems, or leaves and cannot make its own food. In the process of obtaining food from
higher plants, fungi injure roots, stems, leaves and fruit. All fungi, however, do not cause
disease.
Bacteria- a very primitive, minute one-celled plant closely related to fungi. Bacteria do not
produce spores. They reproduce by simple cell division.
What are nematodes, and how can they cause plant disease? - Answers -They're very tiny, eel-
shaped worms which live in the soil. They feed on plant roots, causing root injury which
interferes with the uptake of nutrients and water in the plant.
3|Page
