NURB 3050 EXAM 4 Test Questions With
100% Correct Answers 2026-2027
Updated.
Functions of the Endocrine System - Answer Regulation of digestion
The usage and storage of nutrients
Electrolyte and water metabolism
Reproductive function
Mechanisms of Hormones - Answer These are linked to one or more effector system in the
cell.
Some receptors are located on the surface of the cell.
These act through second messenger mechanisms.
Others are located within the cell.
They modulate the synthesis of enzymes, transport proteins, or structural proteins.
Endocrine Gland - Answer ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products,
hormones, directly into the blood.
Exocrine Gland - Answer glands that secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a
duct.
Endocrine Action - Answer Released into circulation to act on a target organ
Paracrine Action - Answer Exerts effect locally
Autocrine Action - Answer Exert effect on the same cells from which they were produced
Neuroendocrine Actions - Answer Receive messages from the nervous system and respond by
making and releasing hormones
Continue.... - Answer
Causes of hypofunction of the endocrine system: - Answer Congenital defects
, Disruption in blood flow, infection, inflammation, autoimmune responses, or neoplastic growth
Aging
Atrophy as the result of drug therapy or unknown reasons
Receptor defects
Causes of hyperfunction of the endocrine system - Answer Excessive stimulation and
hyperplasia of the endocrine gland
Hormone-producing tumor of the gland
Primary disorders - Answer Originate in the ____________ responsible for producing the
hormone
Secondary disorders - Answer Defective levels of stimulating hormones or releasing factors
from the pituitary system
Tertiary disorders - Answer - Result from hypothalamic dysfunction
- Both the pituitary and target organ are
understimulated
Hormones Essential for Normal Body Growth and Maturation - Answer GH
Insulin
Thyroid Hormone
Androgens
Growth Hormone - Answer Produced in the anterior pituitary
Necessary for bone growth in children
GH deficiency - Answer •Interferes with linear bone growth
•Results in short stature or dwarfism
GH excess - Answer •Results in increased linear bone growth
•Gigantism/Acromegaly
Thyroid Hormone - Answer Secreted by the thyroid gland in the anterior neck
T3 and T4
Increases metabolism and protein synthesis
100% Correct Answers 2026-2027
Updated.
Functions of the Endocrine System - Answer Regulation of digestion
The usage and storage of nutrients
Electrolyte and water metabolism
Reproductive function
Mechanisms of Hormones - Answer These are linked to one or more effector system in the
cell.
Some receptors are located on the surface of the cell.
These act through second messenger mechanisms.
Others are located within the cell.
They modulate the synthesis of enzymes, transport proteins, or structural proteins.
Endocrine Gland - Answer ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products,
hormones, directly into the blood.
Exocrine Gland - Answer glands that secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a
duct.
Endocrine Action - Answer Released into circulation to act on a target organ
Paracrine Action - Answer Exerts effect locally
Autocrine Action - Answer Exert effect on the same cells from which they were produced
Neuroendocrine Actions - Answer Receive messages from the nervous system and respond by
making and releasing hormones
Continue.... - Answer
Causes of hypofunction of the endocrine system: - Answer Congenital defects
, Disruption in blood flow, infection, inflammation, autoimmune responses, or neoplastic growth
Aging
Atrophy as the result of drug therapy or unknown reasons
Receptor defects
Causes of hyperfunction of the endocrine system - Answer Excessive stimulation and
hyperplasia of the endocrine gland
Hormone-producing tumor of the gland
Primary disorders - Answer Originate in the ____________ responsible for producing the
hormone
Secondary disorders - Answer Defective levels of stimulating hormones or releasing factors
from the pituitary system
Tertiary disorders - Answer - Result from hypothalamic dysfunction
- Both the pituitary and target organ are
understimulated
Hormones Essential for Normal Body Growth and Maturation - Answer GH
Insulin
Thyroid Hormone
Androgens
Growth Hormone - Answer Produced in the anterior pituitary
Necessary for bone growth in children
GH deficiency - Answer •Interferes with linear bone growth
•Results in short stature or dwarfism
GH excess - Answer •Results in increased linear bone growth
•Gigantism/Acromegaly
Thyroid Hormone - Answer Secreted by the thyroid gland in the anterior neck
T3 and T4
Increases metabolism and protein synthesis
