NSG 530 Exam 1 Questions with
Detailed Answers 2026
Interphase - ANSWER-cell feeds, metabolizes and grows while replicating DNA in
preparation for mitosis
Prophase - ANSWER-first appearance of chromosomes (will be 92)
Metaphase - ANSWER-Centrioles pull chromosomes to opposite sides of cell
(chromatid) - 46 each side
Anaphase - ANSWER-Centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled apart
Telophase - ANSWER-New nuclear membrane formed around each group of 46
chromosomes *When it goes right, euploid cells are produced*
Nondisjunction - ANSWER-Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes
fail to separate.
Polyploidy - ANSWER-condition in which an organism has extra sets of
chromosomes
Triploidy - ANSWER-when an organism has three copies of every chromsome
instead of two
, Tetrapoloidy - ANSWER-euploid has 92 chromosomes and fetus usually does not
survive
Huntington's disease - ANSWER-Single gene disorder (trinucleotide repeat
mutation)
Autosomal dominant (50% chance of passing it on)
Progressive neurologic disease with late onset (40s)
Prevention- genetic testing for pregnancy planning
Cystic fibrosis - ANSWER-Single gene disorder (CFTR gene mutation)
Autosomal recessive
Most common in white children
Defective transport of chloride ions cause salt imbalance- thickened secretions,
digestive issues, malnutrition. Males and females
Must inherit two copies of gene (1 from each parent)
Turner syndrome - ANSWER-XO chromosomal disorder, monosomy of X-affects
females
Short stature, webbed neck, undeveloped breasts but female genitalia, usually
sterile
Down syndrome - ANSWER-Chromosomal disorder, trisomy 21
Affects both sexes
Detailed Answers 2026
Interphase - ANSWER-cell feeds, metabolizes and grows while replicating DNA in
preparation for mitosis
Prophase - ANSWER-first appearance of chromosomes (will be 92)
Metaphase - ANSWER-Centrioles pull chromosomes to opposite sides of cell
(chromatid) - 46 each side
Anaphase - ANSWER-Centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled apart
Telophase - ANSWER-New nuclear membrane formed around each group of 46
chromosomes *When it goes right, euploid cells are produced*
Nondisjunction - ANSWER-Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes
fail to separate.
Polyploidy - ANSWER-condition in which an organism has extra sets of
chromosomes
Triploidy - ANSWER-when an organism has three copies of every chromsome
instead of two
, Tetrapoloidy - ANSWER-euploid has 92 chromosomes and fetus usually does not
survive
Huntington's disease - ANSWER-Single gene disorder (trinucleotide repeat
mutation)
Autosomal dominant (50% chance of passing it on)
Progressive neurologic disease with late onset (40s)
Prevention- genetic testing for pregnancy planning
Cystic fibrosis - ANSWER-Single gene disorder (CFTR gene mutation)
Autosomal recessive
Most common in white children
Defective transport of chloride ions cause salt imbalance- thickened secretions,
digestive issues, malnutrition. Males and females
Must inherit two copies of gene (1 from each parent)
Turner syndrome - ANSWER-XO chromosomal disorder, monosomy of X-affects
females
Short stature, webbed neck, undeveloped breasts but female genitalia, usually
sterile
Down syndrome - ANSWER-Chromosomal disorder, trisomy 21
Affects both sexes
