,NSG 321 Final Exam Advanced Leadership and Management
Questions And Answers 2026/2027 Herzing University
Q1. Which leadership theory emphasizes inspiring followers through
a shared vision and encouraging them to exceed expected
performance?
A) Transactional leadership
B) Transformational leadership
C) Laissez-faire leadership
D) Autocratic leadership
Correct Answer: B) Transformational leadership
Rationale: Transformational leaders motivate followers around a shared
vision and encourage growth, innovation, and higher performance.
Q2. Which leadership style gives employees substantial autonomy
with minimal direct supervision?
A) Autocratic
B) Democratic
C) Laissez-faire
D) Transactional
Correct Answer: C) Laissez-faire
Rationale: Laissez-faire leadership provides substantial independence and
limited direct intervention by the leader.
Q3. Which action best demonstrates transformational leadership by
a nurse manager?
A) Enforcing rules without explanation
B) Motivating staff around a shared patient-safety vision
C) Rewarding employees only for meeting minimum requirements
D) Making all decisions independently
Correct Answer: B) Motivating staff around a shared patient-safety vision
Rationale: Transformational leadership develops commitment to a common
vision and encourages meaningful change.
Q4. A nurse manager allows experienced staff to participate in
selecting a new staffing model. Which leadership style is most
evident?
A) Democratic
B) Autocratic
C) Laissez-faire
D) Coercive
Correct Answer: A) Democratic
, Rationale: Democratic leaders actively involve team members in decision-
making.
Q5. Which management function involves establishing goals and
determining how those goals will be achieved?
A) Planning
B) Controlling
C) Directing
D) Evaluating
Correct Answer: A) Planning
Rationale: Planning establishes objectives and determines strategies and
resources needed to accomplish them.
Q6. A nurse manager compares actual unit performance with
established standards. Which management function is being
performed?
A) Organizing
B) Staffing
C) Controlling
D) Planning
Correct Answer: C) Controlling
Rationale: Controlling involves monitoring performance against standards
and taking corrective action when needed.
Q7. Which action is an example of organizing?
A) Establishing the unit's annual objectives
B) Assigning resources and responsibilities to accomplish goals
C) Comparing patient outcomes with benchmarks
D) Evaluating employee satisfaction
Correct Answer: B) Assigning resources and responsibilities to accomplish
goals
Rationale: Organizing arranges resources, responsibilities, and relationships
so that planned goals can be achieved.
Q8. Which characteristic is most associated with effective nurse
leadership?
A) Avoidance of conflict
B) Consistent communication and accountability
C) Dependence on authority alone
D) Resistance to feedback
Correct Answer: B) Consistent communication and accountability
Questions And Answers 2026/2027 Herzing University
Q1. Which leadership theory emphasizes inspiring followers through
a shared vision and encouraging them to exceed expected
performance?
A) Transactional leadership
B) Transformational leadership
C) Laissez-faire leadership
D) Autocratic leadership
Correct Answer: B) Transformational leadership
Rationale: Transformational leaders motivate followers around a shared
vision and encourage growth, innovation, and higher performance.
Q2. Which leadership style gives employees substantial autonomy
with minimal direct supervision?
A) Autocratic
B) Democratic
C) Laissez-faire
D) Transactional
Correct Answer: C) Laissez-faire
Rationale: Laissez-faire leadership provides substantial independence and
limited direct intervention by the leader.
Q3. Which action best demonstrates transformational leadership by
a nurse manager?
A) Enforcing rules without explanation
B) Motivating staff around a shared patient-safety vision
C) Rewarding employees only for meeting minimum requirements
D) Making all decisions independently
Correct Answer: B) Motivating staff around a shared patient-safety vision
Rationale: Transformational leadership develops commitment to a common
vision and encourages meaningful change.
Q4. A nurse manager allows experienced staff to participate in
selecting a new staffing model. Which leadership style is most
evident?
A) Democratic
B) Autocratic
C) Laissez-faire
D) Coercive
Correct Answer: A) Democratic
, Rationale: Democratic leaders actively involve team members in decision-
making.
Q5. Which management function involves establishing goals and
determining how those goals will be achieved?
A) Planning
B) Controlling
C) Directing
D) Evaluating
Correct Answer: A) Planning
Rationale: Planning establishes objectives and determines strategies and
resources needed to accomplish them.
Q6. A nurse manager compares actual unit performance with
established standards. Which management function is being
performed?
A) Organizing
B) Staffing
C) Controlling
D) Planning
Correct Answer: C) Controlling
Rationale: Controlling involves monitoring performance against standards
and taking corrective action when needed.
Q7. Which action is an example of organizing?
A) Establishing the unit's annual objectives
B) Assigning resources and responsibilities to accomplish goals
C) Comparing patient outcomes with benchmarks
D) Evaluating employee satisfaction
Correct Answer: B) Assigning resources and responsibilities to accomplish
goals
Rationale: Organizing arranges resources, responsibilities, and relationships
so that planned goals can be achieved.
Q8. Which characteristic is most associated with effective nurse
leadership?
A) Avoidance of conflict
B) Consistent communication and accountability
C) Dependence on authority alone
D) Resistance to feedback
Correct Answer: B) Consistent communication and accountability
