,NSG 223 Exam 4 Medical-Surgical Nursing II Questions And Answers
2026/2027 Herzing University
Q1. Which finding is most characteristic of open-angle glaucoma?
A) Sudden severe eye pain
B) Gradual loss of peripheral vision
C) Complete blindness within minutes
D) Severe eye trauma
Correct Answer: B) Gradual loss of peripheral vision
Rationale: Open-angle glaucoma usually develops slowly and can cause
progressive peripheral visual-field loss before the client notices significant
symptoms.
Q2. Which symptom is most concerning for acute angle-closure glaucoma?
A) Mild itching of both eyes
B) Sudden severe eye pain with headache and nausea
C) Gradual difficulty reading
D) Mild morning eye dryness
Correct Answer: B) Sudden severe eye pain with headache and nausea
Rationale: Acute angle-closure glaucoma is an ocular emergency that can
cause sudden severe pain, headache, blurred vision, halos, nausea, and
vomiting.
Q3. Which diagnostic test measures intraocular pressure?
A) Tonometry
B) Audiometry
C) Spirometry
D) Angiography
Correct Answer: A) Tonometry
Rationale: Tonometry measures intraocular pressure and is a key
component of glaucoma assessment.
Q4. Which intraocular pressure finding is considered elevated?
A) 5 mm Hg
B) 10 mm Hg
C) 15 mm Hg
D) 25 mm Hg
Correct Answer: D) 25 mm Hg
Rationale: Normal intraocular pressure is generally about 10–21 mm Hg; a
pressure above this range is considered elevated.
, Q5. Which client has an increased risk for glaucoma?
A) Older adult with diabetes
B) Young adult with no risk factors
C) Child with seasonal allergies
D) Adult with a healed fracture
Correct Answer: A) Older adult with diabetes
Rationale: Older age and diabetes are among factors associated with
increased glaucoma risk.
Q6. Which additional factor increases the risk for glaucoma?
A) Long-term corticosteroid use
B) High calcium intake
C) Regular exercise
D) Adequate sleep
Correct Answer: A) Long-term corticosteroid use
Rationale: Prolonged corticosteroid exposure can increase intraocular
pressure and contribute to glaucoma.
Q7. Which visual change is associated with advanced open-angle glaucoma?
A) Tunnel vision
B) Improved peripheral vision
C) Increased night vision
D) Sharper color perception
Correct Answer: A) Tunnel vision
Rationale: Progressive loss of peripheral vision can eventually produce
tunnel vision.
Q8. Which procedure may be used to improve aqueous humor outflow in
glaucoma?
A) Laser trabeculoplasty
B) Cataract extraction
C) Tympanoplasty
D) Corneal transplant
Correct Answer: A) Laser trabeculoplasty
Rationale: Laser trabeculoplasty improves aqueous humor drainage through
the trabecular meshwork and can reduce intraocular pressure.
Q9. Which surgical procedure creates an opening to improve aqueous humor
drainage in certain glaucoma patients?
A) Laser peripheral iridotomy
B) Phacoemulsification
C) Vitrectomy
2026/2027 Herzing University
Q1. Which finding is most characteristic of open-angle glaucoma?
A) Sudden severe eye pain
B) Gradual loss of peripheral vision
C) Complete blindness within minutes
D) Severe eye trauma
Correct Answer: B) Gradual loss of peripheral vision
Rationale: Open-angle glaucoma usually develops slowly and can cause
progressive peripheral visual-field loss before the client notices significant
symptoms.
Q2. Which symptom is most concerning for acute angle-closure glaucoma?
A) Mild itching of both eyes
B) Sudden severe eye pain with headache and nausea
C) Gradual difficulty reading
D) Mild morning eye dryness
Correct Answer: B) Sudden severe eye pain with headache and nausea
Rationale: Acute angle-closure glaucoma is an ocular emergency that can
cause sudden severe pain, headache, blurred vision, halos, nausea, and
vomiting.
Q3. Which diagnostic test measures intraocular pressure?
A) Tonometry
B) Audiometry
C) Spirometry
D) Angiography
Correct Answer: A) Tonometry
Rationale: Tonometry measures intraocular pressure and is a key
component of glaucoma assessment.
Q4. Which intraocular pressure finding is considered elevated?
A) 5 mm Hg
B) 10 mm Hg
C) 15 mm Hg
D) 25 mm Hg
Correct Answer: D) 25 mm Hg
Rationale: Normal intraocular pressure is generally about 10–21 mm Hg; a
pressure above this range is considered elevated.
, Q5. Which client has an increased risk for glaucoma?
A) Older adult with diabetes
B) Young adult with no risk factors
C) Child with seasonal allergies
D) Adult with a healed fracture
Correct Answer: A) Older adult with diabetes
Rationale: Older age and diabetes are among factors associated with
increased glaucoma risk.
Q6. Which additional factor increases the risk for glaucoma?
A) Long-term corticosteroid use
B) High calcium intake
C) Regular exercise
D) Adequate sleep
Correct Answer: A) Long-term corticosteroid use
Rationale: Prolonged corticosteroid exposure can increase intraocular
pressure and contribute to glaucoma.
Q7. Which visual change is associated with advanced open-angle glaucoma?
A) Tunnel vision
B) Improved peripheral vision
C) Increased night vision
D) Sharper color perception
Correct Answer: A) Tunnel vision
Rationale: Progressive loss of peripheral vision can eventually produce
tunnel vision.
Q8. Which procedure may be used to improve aqueous humor outflow in
glaucoma?
A) Laser trabeculoplasty
B) Cataract extraction
C) Tympanoplasty
D) Corneal transplant
Correct Answer: A) Laser trabeculoplasty
Rationale: Laser trabeculoplasty improves aqueous humor drainage through
the trabecular meshwork and can reduce intraocular pressure.
Q9. Which surgical procedure creates an opening to improve aqueous humor
drainage in certain glaucoma patients?
A) Laser peripheral iridotomy
B) Phacoemulsification
C) Vitrectomy
