,NSG-300 Foundations of Nursing — INSTANT
PDF DOWNLOAD — Verified NSG-300 Exam 3 |
Grand Canyon University | Q & A | 2026/2027
Edition
1. A nurse is reviewing the three steps of oxygenation. Which step involves moving gases into
and out of the lungs?
A. Ventilation
B. Perfusion
C. Diffusion
D. Transportation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ventilation is the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs via inhalation and
exhalation. It requires the diaphragm and accessory muscles. Perfusion (Option B) is the ability
of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to tissues. Diffusion (Option C) moves
gases between the alveoli and capillaries by concentration gradients. Transportation (Option D)
is not one of the three steps.
2. A nurse is explaining the process of diffusion to a patient. Where does diffusion of gases
primarily occur?
,A. In the bronchi
B. At the alveolar capillary membrane
C. In the trachea
D. In the pulmonary artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diffusion occurs at the alveolar capillary membrane, where oxygen moves from the
alveoli into the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli. The bronchi
and trachea are conducting airways. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the
lungs.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient's respiratory status. Which factor is a normal age-related
change that affects oxygenation in older adults?
A. Increased chest wall compliance
B. Decreased vital capacity
C. Increased respiratory rate
D. Increased alveolar surface area
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older adults experience a decrease in vital capacity due to decreased chest wall
compliance and respiratory muscle strength. Chest wall compliance decreases, not increases.
Respiratory rate may increase slightly but vital capacity decrease is the most significant change.
Alveolar surface area decreases with age.
, 4. A nurse is assessing a patient's respiratory status. Which finding indicates the patient is using
accessory muscles?
A. Chest expansion is symmetrical
B. The patient's clavicles elevate during inhalation
C. Respiratory rate is 16 breaths/min
D. Oxygen saturation is 98%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clavicle elevation during inhalation indicates the use of accessory muscles
(intercostal and abdominal muscles), which may indicate ventilatory fatigue, air hunger, or
decreased lung expansion. Symmetrical chest expansion and normal respiratory rate and oxygen
saturation are normal findings.
5. A nurse is assessing a patient's oxygen saturation. Which factor influences the capacity of the
blood to carry oxygen?
A. Blood pressure
B. Hemoglobin level
C. Heart rate
D. Respiratory rate
PDF DOWNLOAD — Verified NSG-300 Exam 3 |
Grand Canyon University | Q & A | 2026/2027
Edition
1. A nurse is reviewing the three steps of oxygenation. Which step involves moving gases into
and out of the lungs?
A. Ventilation
B. Perfusion
C. Diffusion
D. Transportation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ventilation is the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs via inhalation and
exhalation. It requires the diaphragm and accessory muscles. Perfusion (Option B) is the ability
of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to tissues. Diffusion (Option C) moves
gases between the alveoli and capillaries by concentration gradients. Transportation (Option D)
is not one of the three steps.
2. A nurse is explaining the process of diffusion to a patient. Where does diffusion of gases
primarily occur?
,A. In the bronchi
B. At the alveolar capillary membrane
C. In the trachea
D. In the pulmonary artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diffusion occurs at the alveolar capillary membrane, where oxygen moves from the
alveoli into the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli. The bronchi
and trachea are conducting airways. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the
lungs.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient's respiratory status. Which factor is a normal age-related
change that affects oxygenation in older adults?
A. Increased chest wall compliance
B. Decreased vital capacity
C. Increased respiratory rate
D. Increased alveolar surface area
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older adults experience a decrease in vital capacity due to decreased chest wall
compliance and respiratory muscle strength. Chest wall compliance decreases, not increases.
Respiratory rate may increase slightly but vital capacity decrease is the most significant change.
Alveolar surface area decreases with age.
, 4. A nurse is assessing a patient's respiratory status. Which finding indicates the patient is using
accessory muscles?
A. Chest expansion is symmetrical
B. The patient's clavicles elevate during inhalation
C. Respiratory rate is 16 breaths/min
D. Oxygen saturation is 98%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clavicle elevation during inhalation indicates the use of accessory muscles
(intercostal and abdominal muscles), which may indicate ventilatory fatigue, air hunger, or
decreased lung expansion. Symmetrical chest expansion and normal respiratory rate and oxygen
saturation are normal findings.
5. A nurse is assessing a patient's oxygen saturation. Which factor influences the capacity of the
blood to carry oxygen?
A. Blood pressure
B. Hemoglobin level
C. Heart rate
D. Respiratory rate
