Western Governors University D 322
WGU D333 Ethics in Technology – WGU Exam Questions and
Answers
,acceptable use policy (AUP)
A document that stipulates restrictions and practices that a user must agree in order to
use organizational computing and network resources.
acceptance
When an organization decides to accept a risk because the cost of avoiding the risk
outweighs the potential loss of the risk. A decision to accept a risk can be extremely
difficult and controversial when dealing with safety-critical systems because making that
determination involves forming personal judgments about the value of human life,
assessing potential liability in case of an accident, evaluating the potential impact on the
surrounding natural environment, and estimating the system's costs and benefits.
advanced persistent threat (APT)
A network attack in which an intruder gains access to a network and stays there—
undetected—with the intention of stealing data over a long period of time (weeks or even
months).
,agile development
A software development methodology in which a system is developed in iterations lasting
from one to four weeks. Unlike the waterfall system development model, agile
development accepts the fact that system requirements are evolving and cannot be fully
understood or defined at the start of the project.
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
An agreement of the World Trade Organization that requires member governments to
ensure that intellectual property rights can be enforced under their laws and that
penalties for infringement are tough enough to deter further violations.
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
A wide-ranging act that authorized $787 billion in spending and tax cuts over a 10-year
period and included strong privacy provisions for electronic health records, such as
banning the sale of health information, promoting the use of audit trails and encryption,
and providing rights of access for patients.
annualized loss expectancy (ALE)
The estimated loss from a potential risk event over the course of a year. The following
equation is used to calculate the annual loss expectancy: ARO × SLE = ALE. Where ARO
is the annualized rate of occurrence, an estimate of the probability that this event will
occur over the course of a year and SLE is the single loss expectancy, the estimated loss
that would be incurred if the event happens.
annualized rate of occurrence (ARO)
An estimate of the probability that a risk event will occur over the course of a year.
, anonymous expression
The expression of opinions by people who do not reveal their identity.
anonymous remailer service
A service that allows anonymity on the Internet by using a computer program that strips
the originating header and/or IP address from the message and then forwards the
message to its intended recipient.
anti-SLAPP laws
Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic lawsuit against public participation
(SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by corporations, government officials, and others against
citizens and community groups who oppose them on matters of concern).
antivirus software
Software that scans for a specific sequence of bytes, known as a virus signature,
that indicates the presence of a specific virus.
WGU D333 Ethics in Technology – WGU Exam Questions and
Answers
,acceptable use policy (AUP)
A document that stipulates restrictions and practices that a user must agree in order to
use organizational computing and network resources.
acceptance
When an organization decides to accept a risk because the cost of avoiding the risk
outweighs the potential loss of the risk. A decision to accept a risk can be extremely
difficult and controversial when dealing with safety-critical systems because making that
determination involves forming personal judgments about the value of human life,
assessing potential liability in case of an accident, evaluating the potential impact on the
surrounding natural environment, and estimating the system's costs and benefits.
advanced persistent threat (APT)
A network attack in which an intruder gains access to a network and stays there—
undetected—with the intention of stealing data over a long period of time (weeks or even
months).
,agile development
A software development methodology in which a system is developed in iterations lasting
from one to four weeks. Unlike the waterfall system development model, agile
development accepts the fact that system requirements are evolving and cannot be fully
understood or defined at the start of the project.
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
An agreement of the World Trade Organization that requires member governments to
ensure that intellectual property rights can be enforced under their laws and that
penalties for infringement are tough enough to deter further violations.
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
A wide-ranging act that authorized $787 billion in spending and tax cuts over a 10-year
period and included strong privacy provisions for electronic health records, such as
banning the sale of health information, promoting the use of audit trails and encryption,
and providing rights of access for patients.
annualized loss expectancy (ALE)
The estimated loss from a potential risk event over the course of a year. The following
equation is used to calculate the annual loss expectancy: ARO × SLE = ALE. Where ARO
is the annualized rate of occurrence, an estimate of the probability that this event will
occur over the course of a year and SLE is the single loss expectancy, the estimated loss
that would be incurred if the event happens.
annualized rate of occurrence (ARO)
An estimate of the probability that a risk event will occur over the course of a year.
, anonymous expression
The expression of opinions by people who do not reveal their identity.
anonymous remailer service
A service that allows anonymity on the Internet by using a computer program that strips
the originating header and/or IP address from the message and then forwards the
message to its intended recipient.
anti-SLAPP laws
Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic lawsuit against public participation
(SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by corporations, government officials, and others against
citizens and community groups who oppose them on matters of concern).
antivirus software
Software that scans for a specific sequence of bytes, known as a virus signature,
that indicates the presence of a specific virus.
