Cell Bio Exam 1. answers!!
Front Back
the way living species gradually change over time
and adapt to their environment in more complex
ways
evolution
ex) selection for mutations in DNA over time
allowed for differences in the various types of cells
we see today
the process by which the information within a gene
gene expression
becomes a useful product
cell becomes a specialized cell-type
occurs through differences in gene expression
cell differentiation
(gene expression is sometimes turned on or off
depending on the specialized cell)
not subject to regulation during cell differentiation.
expressed in all cells
housekeeping genes
ex) ribosomal protein, RNA Polymerase
Page 1 of 16 1 of 16
,Cell Bio Exam 1. answers!!
turned on in a particular cell-type and turned off in
cell-type specific genes other cell-types
cytology study of cell structure and function
DNA, set of 20 amino acids, macromolecule
what do all cells have in common & why? subunits
evolved from the same ancestor
size, structure, function, chemical requirements
mutations in DNA and selections for certain
in what ways do cells differ & why?
changes have gradually resulted in the differences
between cells we see today (evolution, yo)
Page 2 of 16 2 of 16
, Cell Bio Exam 1. answers!!
1) all organisms consist of one or more cells
2) cells exist from preexisting cells
3) cells are the basic unit of structure for all
Cell Theory - what and who?
organisms
Schleiden and Schwann
ability to clearly separate two objects (higher RP
resolving power means you can see more detail)
light microscope best resolving power (0.2micrometers/200nm)
electron microscope 2nm resolving power
transmission t- electrons go through, can see inside cells
scanning s- electrons bounce off, see surface of cells
Page 3 of 16 3 of 16
Front Back
the way living species gradually change over time
and adapt to their environment in more complex
ways
evolution
ex) selection for mutations in DNA over time
allowed for differences in the various types of cells
we see today
the process by which the information within a gene
gene expression
becomes a useful product
cell becomes a specialized cell-type
occurs through differences in gene expression
cell differentiation
(gene expression is sometimes turned on or off
depending on the specialized cell)
not subject to regulation during cell differentiation.
expressed in all cells
housekeeping genes
ex) ribosomal protein, RNA Polymerase
Page 1 of 16 1 of 16
,Cell Bio Exam 1. answers!!
turned on in a particular cell-type and turned off in
cell-type specific genes other cell-types
cytology study of cell structure and function
DNA, set of 20 amino acids, macromolecule
what do all cells have in common & why? subunits
evolved from the same ancestor
size, structure, function, chemical requirements
mutations in DNA and selections for certain
in what ways do cells differ & why?
changes have gradually resulted in the differences
between cells we see today (evolution, yo)
Page 2 of 16 2 of 16
, Cell Bio Exam 1. answers!!
1) all organisms consist of one or more cells
2) cells exist from preexisting cells
3) cells are the basic unit of structure for all
Cell Theory - what and who?
organisms
Schleiden and Schwann
ability to clearly separate two objects (higher RP
resolving power means you can see more detail)
light microscope best resolving power (0.2micrometers/200nm)
electron microscope 2nm resolving power
transmission t- electrons go through, can see inside cells
scanning s- electrons bounce off, see surface of cells
Page 3 of 16 3 of 16
