Test Bank - Little and Falace's Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 10th Edition - Miller - All 30 Chapters and Rationales Included

TEST BANK for Little and Falace's Dental
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nb Management of the Medically Compromised Patient,
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nb 10th Edition
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by Craig Miller, Verified Chapters 1 – 30
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,Table of Content nb nb



PART ONE: PATIENT EVALUATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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Chapter 1: Patient Evaluation and Risk Assessment
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PART TWO: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
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Chapter 2: Infective Endocarditis
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Chapter 3: Hypertension
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Chapter 4: Ischemic Heart Disease
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Chapter 5: Cardiac Arrhythmias
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Chapter 6: Heart Failure (or Congestive Heart Failure)
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PART THREE: PULMONARY DISEASE
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Chapter 7: Pulmonary Disease
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Chapter 8: Smoking and Tobacco Use
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Cessation Chapter 9: Sleep-Related Breathing
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Disorders PART FOUR: GASTROINTESTIAL
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DISEASE
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Chapter 10: Liver Disease
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Chapter 11: Gastrointestinal Disease
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PART FIVE: GENITOURINARY DISEASE
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Chapter 12: Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis
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Chapter 13: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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PART SIX: ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC DISEASE
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Chapter 14: Diabetes Mellitus
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Chapter 15: Adrenal Insufficiency
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Chapter 16: Thyroid Diseases
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Chapter 17: Pregnancy and Breast Feeding
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PART SEVEN: IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASE
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Chapter 18: AIDS, HIV Infection, and Related
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Conditions Chapter 19: Allergy
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Chapter 20: Rheumatologic and Connective Tissue Disorders
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Chapter 21: Organ and Bone Marrow Transplantation
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PART EIGHT: HEMATOLOGIC AND ONCOLOGIC DISEASE
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Chapter 22: Disorders of Red Blood Cells
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Chapter 23: Disorders of White Blood Cells
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Chapter 24: Acquired Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders
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Chapter 25: Congenital Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders
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Chapter 26: Cancer and Oral Care of the Patient
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PART NINE: NEUROLOGIC, BEHAVIORAL, AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
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Chapter 27: Neurologic Disorders
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Chapter 28: Anxiety, Eating Disorders, and Behavioral Reactions to
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Illness Chapter 29: Psychiatric Disorders
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Chapter 30: Drug and Alcohol Abuse
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,Chapter 01: Patient Evaluation and Risk Assessment
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Little: Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 10th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE nb




1. Elective dental care should be deferred for patients with severe, uncontrolled
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hypertension, meaning that the blood pressure is greater than or equal to
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nbmm Hg. nb


a. 200/140
b. 180/140
c. 180/110
d. 160/110
ANS: C nb


Elective dental care should be deferred for patients with severe,
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uncontrolled hypertension, which is blood pressure greater than or equal to
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180/110 mm Hg, until the condition can be brought under control.
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2. The American Heart Association currently recommends antibiotic prophylaxis
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for a patient with which of the following cardiac conditions?
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a. Mitral valve prolapse nb nb


b. Prosthetic heart valve nb nb


c. Rheumatic heart disease nb nb


d. Pacemakers for cardiac arrhythmias nb nb nb




ANS: B nb


Previously, the American Heart Association (AHA) recommended antibiotic
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prophylaxis for many patients with heart murmurs caused by valvular disease
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(e.g., mitral valve prolapse, rheumatic heart disease) in an effort to prevent
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infective endocarditis; however, current guidelines omit this recommendation on
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the basis of accumulated scientific evidence. If a murmur is due to certain
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specific cardiac conditions (e.g., previous endocarditis, prosthetic heart valve,
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complex congenital cyanotic heart disease), the AHA continues to recommend
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antibiotic prophylaxis for most dental procedures.
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3. One consequence of chronic hepatitis (B or C) or cirrhosis of the liver is
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decreased ability of the body to
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and analgesics.
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a. absorb
b. distribute
c. metabolize
d. excrete
ANS: C nb


Patients also may have chronic hepatitis (B or C) or cirrhosis, with
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impairment of liver function. This deficit may result in prolonged
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bleeding and less efficient metabolism of certain drugs, including local
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anesthetics and analgesics.
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4. Which of the following symptoms and signs is most consistent with allergy?
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a. Heart palpitations nb


b. Itching
c. Vomiting
d. Fainting

, ANS: B nb


Symptoms and signs consistent with allergy include itching, urticaria (hives), rash,
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n bswelling, wheezing, angioedema, runny nose, and tearing eyes. Isolated signs
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and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, and fainting
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generally are not of an allergic origin but rather are manifestations of drug
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intolerance, adverse side effects, or psychogenic reactions.
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5. Which of the following is true of the patient with a history of tuberculosis?
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a. A positive result on skin testing means that the person has active TB.
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b. Most patients who become positive skin testers develop active disease.
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c. Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have a
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high
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d. A diagnosis of active TB is made by a purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test.
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ANS: nb n b C
The potential coexistence of tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency
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syndrome (AIDS) should be explored because patients with AIDS have a high
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incidence of tuberculosis. A positive result on skin testing means specifically
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that the person has at some time been infected with TB, not necessarily that
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active disease is present. Most patients who become positive skin testers do not
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develop active disease. A diagnosis of
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imaging, sputum culture, and clinical examination.
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6. Vasoconstrictors should be avoided in patients who cocaine or nb nb nb nb nb nb nb nb


methamphetamine users because these agents may precipitate
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a. severe hypotension nb


b. severe hypertension nb


c. respiratory depression nb


d. cessation of intestinal peristalsis nb nb nb




ANS: B nb


Vasoconstrictors should be avoided in patients who are cocaine or methamphetamine nb nb nb nb nb nb nb nb nb nb


n users because the combination may precipitate arrhythmias, MI, or severe
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hypertension.
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7. It has been shown that the risk for occurrence of a serious perioperative
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cardiovascular event (e.g., MI, heart failure) is increased in patients who are
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unable to meet a -MET (metabolic equivalent of task) demand during normal
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daily activity.
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a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 10
ANS: A nb


Daily activities requiring 4 METs include level walking at 4 miles/hour or climbing a
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flight
nb of stairs. Activities requiring greater than 10 METs include swimming and
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singles tennis. An exercise capacity of 10 to 13 METs indicates excellent physical
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conditioning.
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8. Which of the following alterations in the fingernails is associated with cirrhosis?
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a. Yellowing
b. Clubbing
c. White discoloration nb


d. Splinter hemorrhages nb