BIOL 210 Exam 1 Practice Test 2026 | Verified Answers |
Exam Prep
1. A bacteriophage that integrates its genome into its bacterial host's genome is
is called a.
restriction endonucleases
provirus
CRISPR
prophage
2. Describe how the genetic information flow in prokaryotes differs from that in
eukaryotes and its impact on their growth rates.
Prokaryotes utilize RNA splicing, which speeds up their growth.
Prokaryotes have a simpler genetic structure that allows for faster
replication and transcription processes.
Eukaryotes have multiple chromosomes that slow down replication.
Eukaryotes can only reproduce through sexual reproduction.
3. How do cyanobacteria ensure adequate access to light and nutrients?
By using flagella to move
By producing toxins
By changing the shape of their cells
By filling or emptying gas vesicles to control buoyancy
4. Which of the following organisms violates the central dogma of molecular
biology?
, Eukaryotes which have introns and exons and carry out RNA splicing.
Prokaryotes which do not have a nucleus.
Only (a) and (b)
Retroviruses which have an RNA genome and convert RNA to DNA
5. Describe the main characteristics of photoheterotrophic metabolism and
how it differs from other metabolic processes.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism uses light for energy and organic
compounds for carbon, differing from photoautotrophic
metabolism which uses light for both energy and carbon.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism is a process that occurs only in
anaerobic conditions.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism is identical to heterotrophic
metabolism.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism relies solely on inorganic compounds
for energy and carbon.
6. What is the definition of chemolithoautotrophy?
A method of energy production that relies on sunlight and organic
materials.
A process that involves the breakdown of organic matter to release
energy.
A type of fermentation that occurs in anaerobic conditions.
A process by which certain organisms obtain energy by oxidizing
inorganic compounds and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source.
7. What is the definition of a bacteriophage?
, A cellular structure involved in protein synthesis.
A virus that infects bacteria.
A microorganism that decomposes organic material.
A type of bacteria that causes disease.
8. In an experiment, if a bacterium is found to thrive in a light-rich environment
while utilizing organic compounds for growth, which metabolic pathway is it
likely employing?
Fermentation
Chemoautotrophic metabolism
Photoheterotrophic metabolism
Aerobic respiration
9. A phage genome integrated into the bacterial chromosome is known as a:
temperate phage
pathogenicity island
intemperate phage
transposon
prophage
10. Describe the role of gas vesicles in cyanobacteria and how they contribute
to the organism's survival.
Gas vesicles protect cyanobacteria from predation by forming a hard
outer shell.
Gas vesicles allow cyanobacteria to adjust their buoyancy, helping
them to position themselves optimally in the water column for light
, and nutrient access.
Gas vesicles are involved in photosynthesis by capturing sunlight.
Gas vesicles assist in the reproduction of cyanobacteria by facilitating
cell division.
11. Describe the role of macronutrients in the formation of cellular
macromolecules.
Macronutrients are synthesized by cells and do not come from the
environment.
Macronutrients are only involved in energy production and have no
structural role.
Macronutrients are primarily involved in the regulation of cellular
processes without contributing to structure.
Macronutrients provide the building blocks necessary for the
synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, which are essential
for cellular structure and function.
12. Which organisms had their genomes sequenced first?
Plants
Bacteria
Fungi
Viruses
13. Describe the significance of hydrophobic regions in the function of
membrane proteins.
Hydrophobic regions prevent membrane proteins from interacting
with the lipid bilayer.
Exam Prep
1. A bacteriophage that integrates its genome into its bacterial host's genome is
is called a.
restriction endonucleases
provirus
CRISPR
prophage
2. Describe how the genetic information flow in prokaryotes differs from that in
eukaryotes and its impact on their growth rates.
Prokaryotes utilize RNA splicing, which speeds up their growth.
Prokaryotes have a simpler genetic structure that allows for faster
replication and transcription processes.
Eukaryotes have multiple chromosomes that slow down replication.
Eukaryotes can only reproduce through sexual reproduction.
3. How do cyanobacteria ensure adequate access to light and nutrients?
By using flagella to move
By producing toxins
By changing the shape of their cells
By filling or emptying gas vesicles to control buoyancy
4. Which of the following organisms violates the central dogma of molecular
biology?
, Eukaryotes which have introns and exons and carry out RNA splicing.
Prokaryotes which do not have a nucleus.
Only (a) and (b)
Retroviruses which have an RNA genome and convert RNA to DNA
5. Describe the main characteristics of photoheterotrophic metabolism and
how it differs from other metabolic processes.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism uses light for energy and organic
compounds for carbon, differing from photoautotrophic
metabolism which uses light for both energy and carbon.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism is a process that occurs only in
anaerobic conditions.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism is identical to heterotrophic
metabolism.
Photoheterotrophic metabolism relies solely on inorganic compounds
for energy and carbon.
6. What is the definition of chemolithoautotrophy?
A method of energy production that relies on sunlight and organic
materials.
A process that involves the breakdown of organic matter to release
energy.
A type of fermentation that occurs in anaerobic conditions.
A process by which certain organisms obtain energy by oxidizing
inorganic compounds and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source.
7. What is the definition of a bacteriophage?
, A cellular structure involved in protein synthesis.
A virus that infects bacteria.
A microorganism that decomposes organic material.
A type of bacteria that causes disease.
8. In an experiment, if a bacterium is found to thrive in a light-rich environment
while utilizing organic compounds for growth, which metabolic pathway is it
likely employing?
Fermentation
Chemoautotrophic metabolism
Photoheterotrophic metabolism
Aerobic respiration
9. A phage genome integrated into the bacterial chromosome is known as a:
temperate phage
pathogenicity island
intemperate phage
transposon
prophage
10. Describe the role of gas vesicles in cyanobacteria and how they contribute
to the organism's survival.
Gas vesicles protect cyanobacteria from predation by forming a hard
outer shell.
Gas vesicles allow cyanobacteria to adjust their buoyancy, helping
them to position themselves optimally in the water column for light
, and nutrient access.
Gas vesicles are involved in photosynthesis by capturing sunlight.
Gas vesicles assist in the reproduction of cyanobacteria by facilitating
cell division.
11. Describe the role of macronutrients in the formation of cellular
macromolecules.
Macronutrients are synthesized by cells and do not come from the
environment.
Macronutrients are only involved in energy production and have no
structural role.
Macronutrients are primarily involved in the regulation of cellular
processes without contributing to structure.
Macronutrients provide the building blocks necessary for the
synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, which are essential
for cellular structure and function.
12. Which organisms had their genomes sequenced first?
Plants
Bacteria
Fungi
Viruses
13. Describe the significance of hydrophobic regions in the function of
membrane proteins.
Hydrophobic regions prevent membrane proteins from interacting
with the lipid bilayer.
