IUPUI K356 ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Cheese - A fermentation of milk formed by lactic acid bacteria coagulating milk
products. The longer it ripens, the harder it gets. Can add mold and other bacteria for
color and taste.
✔✔Alcohol - Formed by fermenting anything that has lots of carbohydrates.
✔✔Wine - fermentation of grapes. Squeezed grapes are called *Must*. Saccharomyces
is added. In the barrel, bacteria degrade organic acids to produce flavors.
✔✔Beer (Ale) - Fermentation of grains. Must break down the complex carbohydrates
before you can ferment. Malt -> Mash -> Wort -> Yeast added -> let sit 7-12 days
✔✔Distillation - Collecting boiled alcohol vapors.
✔✔Brandy - distilled wine
✔✔Pickling - A type of fermentation. Brine allows only fermenters to survive.
Fermenters extract water and organic compounds from the cucumber.
✔✔Chocolate - fermented cocoa beans. Yeasts break down stuff, then dry -> roast ->
grind -> crush
✔✔Mushroom - A type of microbe that we eat
✔✔Prebiotic - substances that promote the growth and health of good bacteria.
✔✔Indicator Organisms - Organisms that are present in the water that signify the
degree of contamination. Often these are *coliforms*: enterobacteriaceae
✔✔Purification of water - This is done to purify water from the environment.
1. Particulate matter removed (add coagulant to make particulates stick together)
2. Filter out small particles and flocs
, 3. Chlorination and ozonation
4. Store it
✔✔Wastewater Treatment - This is done to decontaminate water that we have used to
return to the environment.
1.Primary treatment: Settling of large chunks into sludge
2. Secondary treatment: Dissolve organic matter into microbial mass (flocs)
3. Tertiary treatment: Chlorinate and dump back into the environment
✔✔Constructed Wetland - Uses plants to purify water instead of factories. The end
result is drinkable water.
✔✔Septic Tank - Waste comes in, settles, then leaches out into the soil to be degraded
by soil bacteria. This is used for small scale stuff like homes, not factories.
✔✔Bioprospecting - The process of looking for a new organism that can do something
you need it to.
✔✔Metabolic Engineering - Modifying gene expression or function to control the
outcome of a metabolic pathway. This is one way you can change an organism to make
it produce something you can use.
✔✔Ti plasmid - This is a tumor-inducing plasmid for plants. We use it by cutting out the
tumor-inducing genes, adding desired recombinant genes, and allowing the plasmid to
conjugate into plant cell and integrate into its DNA. We can makes plants that are
drought resistant, pest resistant, and herbicide resistant.
✔✔Human Insulin - First medication made with recombinant gene technology.
✔✔Gene Therapy - Using vectors to replace mutant genes with healthy genes in
humans.
✔✔Stem cell therapy - Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into ANYTHING. We can
take these cells and make any human cell we need. Controversial because we have to
extract embryos from the womb.
✔✔Primary metabolite - Metabolites that are made in the LOG PHASE
✔✔Secondary Metabolite - Metabolites that are made in the STATIONARY PHASE
✔✔Biofilm Reactors - These are a type of microbial reactor we can use to get higher
yields, with high chemical resistance and high concentrations of microbes. It's desirable
because you can make more product without the risk of high concentrations killing your
microbes.
✔✔Cheese - A fermentation of milk formed by lactic acid bacteria coagulating milk
products. The longer it ripens, the harder it gets. Can add mold and other bacteria for
color and taste.
✔✔Alcohol - Formed by fermenting anything that has lots of carbohydrates.
✔✔Wine - fermentation of grapes. Squeezed grapes are called *Must*. Saccharomyces
is added. In the barrel, bacteria degrade organic acids to produce flavors.
✔✔Beer (Ale) - Fermentation of grains. Must break down the complex carbohydrates
before you can ferment. Malt -> Mash -> Wort -> Yeast added -> let sit 7-12 days
✔✔Distillation - Collecting boiled alcohol vapors.
✔✔Brandy - distilled wine
✔✔Pickling - A type of fermentation. Brine allows only fermenters to survive.
Fermenters extract water and organic compounds from the cucumber.
✔✔Chocolate - fermented cocoa beans. Yeasts break down stuff, then dry -> roast ->
grind -> crush
✔✔Mushroom - A type of microbe that we eat
✔✔Prebiotic - substances that promote the growth and health of good bacteria.
✔✔Indicator Organisms - Organisms that are present in the water that signify the
degree of contamination. Often these are *coliforms*: enterobacteriaceae
✔✔Purification of water - This is done to purify water from the environment.
1. Particulate matter removed (add coagulant to make particulates stick together)
2. Filter out small particles and flocs
, 3. Chlorination and ozonation
4. Store it
✔✔Wastewater Treatment - This is done to decontaminate water that we have used to
return to the environment.
1.Primary treatment: Settling of large chunks into sludge
2. Secondary treatment: Dissolve organic matter into microbial mass (flocs)
3. Tertiary treatment: Chlorinate and dump back into the environment
✔✔Constructed Wetland - Uses plants to purify water instead of factories. The end
result is drinkable water.
✔✔Septic Tank - Waste comes in, settles, then leaches out into the soil to be degraded
by soil bacteria. This is used for small scale stuff like homes, not factories.
✔✔Bioprospecting - The process of looking for a new organism that can do something
you need it to.
✔✔Metabolic Engineering - Modifying gene expression or function to control the
outcome of a metabolic pathway. This is one way you can change an organism to make
it produce something you can use.
✔✔Ti plasmid - This is a tumor-inducing plasmid for plants. We use it by cutting out the
tumor-inducing genes, adding desired recombinant genes, and allowing the plasmid to
conjugate into plant cell and integrate into its DNA. We can makes plants that are
drought resistant, pest resistant, and herbicide resistant.
✔✔Human Insulin - First medication made with recombinant gene technology.
✔✔Gene Therapy - Using vectors to replace mutant genes with healthy genes in
humans.
✔✔Stem cell therapy - Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into ANYTHING. We can
take these cells and make any human cell we need. Controversial because we have to
extract embryos from the womb.
✔✔Primary metabolite - Metabolites that are made in the LOG PHASE
✔✔Secondary Metabolite - Metabolites that are made in the STATIONARY PHASE
✔✔Biofilm Reactors - These are a type of microbial reactor we can use to get higher
yields, with high chemical resistance and high concentrations of microbes. It's desirable
because you can make more product without the risk of high concentrations killing your
microbes.
