BIO 201 Exam 2 Practice Exam 2026 | Verified Answers |
Exam Prep
1. Describe the primary function of mucous membranes in the human body.
Mucous membranes facilitate gas exchange in the lungs.
Mucous membranes provide structural support to bones.
Mucous membranes protect and lubricate the surfaces that open to
the external environment.
Mucous membranes are involved in the production of blood cells.
2. The intercellular matrix of cartilage consists of
ground substance and hydroxyapatite
ground substance and fibroblasts
plasma
ground substance and fibers
3. If a patient experiences an allergic reaction, which process involving mast
cells and histamine is likely occurring?
Decreased blood flow to the affected area
Inhibition of histamine production
Degranulation of mast cells
Increased synthesis of red blood cells
4. If a patient has a deficiency in enzymes that facilitate hydrolysis, what impact
would this have on their digestion?
The patient would absorb nutrients more efficiently.
, The patient would experience increased glycogen storage.
The patient would have enhanced bone formation.
The patient would have difficulty digesting complex carbohydrates
and proteins.
5. Describe the role of histamine in the body's immune response.
Histamine regulates the production of red blood cells.
Histamine plays a crucial role in the immune response by promoting
inflammation and increasing blood flow to affected areas.
Histamine inhibits the immune response by reducing blood flow to
tissues.
Histamine is involved in the synthesis of proteins in the body.
6. What is the name of the pigment produced by melanocytes?
Carotene
Cholesterol
Hemoglobin
Melanin
7. A hydrophilic substance:
attracts stain.
splits water.
attracts water.
repels salts.
,8. In general, Catabolic Reactions are reactions that...
Break down molecules
Break down atoms
Build up atoms
Build up molecules
9. What are the main components that make up the matrix in bone tissue?
Nerve cells and blood vessels
Adipose tissue and muscle fibers
Epithelial cells and connective tissue
Collagen fibers and mineral deposits
10. Describe how melanin contributes to variations in skin color among
individuals.
Melanin absorbs UV radiation and its production varies among
individuals, leading to different skin tones.
Melanin has no effect on skin color; it is solely determined by diet.
Melanin is only present in people with darker skin tones.
Melanin is produced in equal amounts in all individuals, resulting in
uniform skin color.
11. If a patient has a fracture that is not healing properly, which phase of bone
healing might be impaired?
Bone remodeling
Callus formation
, Inflammation
Hematoma formation
12. What enzyme do osteoclasts secrete to break down protein collagen?
Protease
Amylase
Lipase
Collagenase
13. Describe the roles of melanocytes and keratinocytes in the skin's defense
against ultraviolet radiation.
Melanocytes generate energy, while keratinocytes produce
hormones.
Melanocytes produce melanin, which absorbs UV radiation, while
keratinocytes form a protective barrier.
Melanocytes store glycogen, and keratinocytes facilitate nutrient
absorption.
Melanocytes synthesize collagen, and keratinocytes regulate body
temperature.
14. Describe the potential physiological effects of a lack of hormone secretion
from the thyroid gland.
A lack of hormone secretion from the thyroid gland will increase
metabolism and cause weight loss.
A lack of hormone secretion from the thyroid gland has no significant
effects on the body.
Exam Prep
1. Describe the primary function of mucous membranes in the human body.
Mucous membranes facilitate gas exchange in the lungs.
Mucous membranes provide structural support to bones.
Mucous membranes protect and lubricate the surfaces that open to
the external environment.
Mucous membranes are involved in the production of blood cells.
2. The intercellular matrix of cartilage consists of
ground substance and hydroxyapatite
ground substance and fibroblasts
plasma
ground substance and fibers
3. If a patient experiences an allergic reaction, which process involving mast
cells and histamine is likely occurring?
Decreased blood flow to the affected area
Inhibition of histamine production
Degranulation of mast cells
Increased synthesis of red blood cells
4. If a patient has a deficiency in enzymes that facilitate hydrolysis, what impact
would this have on their digestion?
The patient would absorb nutrients more efficiently.
, The patient would experience increased glycogen storage.
The patient would have enhanced bone formation.
The patient would have difficulty digesting complex carbohydrates
and proteins.
5. Describe the role of histamine in the body's immune response.
Histamine regulates the production of red blood cells.
Histamine plays a crucial role in the immune response by promoting
inflammation and increasing blood flow to affected areas.
Histamine inhibits the immune response by reducing blood flow to
tissues.
Histamine is involved in the synthesis of proteins in the body.
6. What is the name of the pigment produced by melanocytes?
Carotene
Cholesterol
Hemoglobin
Melanin
7. A hydrophilic substance:
attracts stain.
splits water.
attracts water.
repels salts.
,8. In general, Catabolic Reactions are reactions that...
Break down molecules
Break down atoms
Build up atoms
Build up molecules
9. What are the main components that make up the matrix in bone tissue?
Nerve cells and blood vessels
Adipose tissue and muscle fibers
Epithelial cells and connective tissue
Collagen fibers and mineral deposits
10. Describe how melanin contributes to variations in skin color among
individuals.
Melanin absorbs UV radiation and its production varies among
individuals, leading to different skin tones.
Melanin has no effect on skin color; it is solely determined by diet.
Melanin is only present in people with darker skin tones.
Melanin is produced in equal amounts in all individuals, resulting in
uniform skin color.
11. If a patient has a fracture that is not healing properly, which phase of bone
healing might be impaired?
Bone remodeling
Callus formation
, Inflammation
Hematoma formation
12. What enzyme do osteoclasts secrete to break down protein collagen?
Protease
Amylase
Lipase
Collagenase
13. Describe the roles of melanocytes and keratinocytes in the skin's defense
against ultraviolet radiation.
Melanocytes generate energy, while keratinocytes produce
hormones.
Melanocytes produce melanin, which absorbs UV radiation, while
keratinocytes form a protective barrier.
Melanocytes store glycogen, and keratinocytes facilitate nutrient
absorption.
Melanocytes synthesize collagen, and keratinocytes regulate body
temperature.
14. Describe the potential physiological effects of a lack of hormone secretion
from the thyroid gland.
A lack of hormone secretion from the thyroid gland will increase
metabolism and cause weight loss.
A lack of hormone secretion from the thyroid gland has no significant
effects on the body.
