ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Four major types of ALL
Answer: 1) Early precurser/pre-pre-B-cell (pro-B-ALL)
2) Precurso B- cell (Pre-B-ALL)
3) Mature B-cell (mB-ALL)
4) T cell (T-ALL)
●● Only Confirmed Risk Factor
Answer: Radiation exposure (possibly benzene exposure)
●● Possible Risk Factors
Answer: Hereditary chromosomal abnormalities
Viral exposures (HTLV1/2, EBV)
●● Incidence
Answer: Median age of diagnosis: 13 years
But does have a bimodal distribution (can get ALL as elderly patients)
, ●● Signs/Symptoms
Answer: Anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia
High, normal, or low WBC count
Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome
Pain in joints/extremities
Enlarged lymph nodes, liver, spleen
Constitutional symptoms
CNS disease, testicular disease
●● Diagnostic Workup/Evaluation
Answer: History & physical exam
CBC w/ diff and CMP
Bone marrow biopsy
CNS imaging if neuro symptoms present (CNS disease more common)
Lumbar puncture (for CNS evaluation for malignant cells)
HLA typing (for potential BMT)
Cardiac assessment
Central line placement
Cytogenetic analysis
●● Diagnostic factor
Answer: Bone marrow biopsy shows 20% lymphoblasts (hypercellular)
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Four major types of ALL
Answer: 1) Early precurser/pre-pre-B-cell (pro-B-ALL)
2) Precurso B- cell (Pre-B-ALL)
3) Mature B-cell (mB-ALL)
4) T cell (T-ALL)
●● Only Confirmed Risk Factor
Answer: Radiation exposure (possibly benzene exposure)
●● Possible Risk Factors
Answer: Hereditary chromosomal abnormalities
Viral exposures (HTLV1/2, EBV)
●● Incidence
Answer: Median age of diagnosis: 13 years
But does have a bimodal distribution (can get ALL as elderly patients)
, ●● Signs/Symptoms
Answer: Anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia
High, normal, or low WBC count
Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome
Pain in joints/extremities
Enlarged lymph nodes, liver, spleen
Constitutional symptoms
CNS disease, testicular disease
●● Diagnostic Workup/Evaluation
Answer: History & physical exam
CBC w/ diff and CMP
Bone marrow biopsy
CNS imaging if neuro symptoms present (CNS disease more common)
Lumbar puncture (for CNS evaluation for malignant cells)
HLA typing (for potential BMT)
Cardiac assessment
Central line placement
Cytogenetic analysis
●● Diagnostic factor
Answer: Bone marrow biopsy shows 20% lymphoblasts (hypercellular)
