WI PESTICIDE APPLICATOR COMPREHENSIVE
ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔what is a winter annual. - ✔✔germinate from seed in fall, over winter as low growing
plants, flower and produce seed next spring and then die.
✔✔what is a Biennial - ✔✔a plant that lives for two growing seasons, it germinate from
seed in spring or summer, over winter in the rosette stage, and then the following year
flower, seed and then die.
✔✔what is a Perennial - ✔✔a plant that lives for at least 2 or more years and can
reproduce via seed alone or may also spread by vegetative growth
✔✔How to kill Biennials and anuannal weeds - ✔✔you must kill the whole shoot, if the
shoot is cut of with tillage or killed with herbicides it will not grow back from roots
✔✔How to kill perennial weeds - ✔✔destroy underground vegetative structure, by
reputably tilling or using herbicides that translocate and destroy the complete vegetative
system.
✔✔describe preplant application - ✔✔before the crop is planted
✔✔Describe Preemergence application - ✔✔applied before the crops and/or weeds
emerge, tyipicaly after planting but not always. ( just before emergence)
✔✔Postemergence application - ✔✔application after crop/weeds have emerged.
✔✔What effects dose soil texture, organic matter and ph have on herbicides. -
✔✔different rates for fine(Clay) vs Coarse(Sand) soils. typically higher rates for fine
soils because it bines to soil instead of target weed. same applies for organic Matter,
More leaching in coarse soils, Valorization and erosion are also factors
✔✔Why must you apply postemergence herbicides at proper stages? - ✔✔read label for
optimum growth stage to control weed, also keep in mind the pre harvest intervals
,✔✔What influences the uptake of postemergence herbicides - ✔✔rain free period after
application, for uptake. Also leaf type will impact uptake for example hair leaves better,
waxy leaves worse. Adjuvants will help with this
✔✔Concerns with antagonistic tank mixture - ✔✔a mix where herbicides may reduce
the others effectiveness, where rates may need to change, or apply at difrent times
✔✔Concerns with herbicide and insecticide interaction - ✔✔Check label some
insecticides may weaken crop which may cause herbicide to injure the desired crop.
✔✔Know the LAW (controlling weeds) - ✔✔State and local laws require you to control
certain weeds to prevent their spread, to protect our feed and seed.
✔✔Define Pesticide - ✔✔is any substance used to directly control pest populations or to
prevent or reduce pest damage.
✔✔Describe the different pesticides and what they kill - ✔✔Avicide-Birds, Fungicide-
Fungi, Herbicide- Weeds, Insecticide- Insects, Pisicide- Fish, Rodenticide-Rodents,
Nematicides-nematodes
✔✔What is an organic pesticide - ✔✔pesticide that contains carbon, not man made
✔✔What is an inorganic Pesticide - ✔✔A pesticide that doesn't contain carbon and is
usually toxic, man made (synthetic)
✔✔What is a Microbial Pesticide - ✔✔These are bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, or other living
organisms that can cause diseases in given species of pest.
✔✔What is Selectivity referring to in pesticides - ✔✔how broad or narrow the range of
pest the chemical will kill. Broad kills a large range of pest, Narrow will kill a very
specific pest family with a specific way of doing so
✔✔What is Persistence referring to in pesticides - ✔✔how long the pesticide remains to
control pest(aka residual) Some pesticides have long residual effects for weeks
,months, even years. Some are short term and breakdown immediately and become
nontoxic
✔✔Describe how pesticides are named - ✔✔Trade Name- Big Bold Name(Brand)
Common Name- Easy to use and see can be a name for active ingredient,
Chemical Name- All the scientific active ingredient names, hard to use and see
✔✔What are inorganic Insecticides used for - ✔✔they are primarily used for weak,
young, pregnant, stressed insects that are easily killed.
, ✔✔What are IGRs - ✔✔Insect growth Regulator, a type of insect hormone that disrupts
the growth of insects
✔✔What are Acaricides and Miticides, - ✔✔Spider and Mite pesticide
✔✔What steps are necessary for a herbicide to kill a plant. - ✔✔it must be absorbed
through leaves, stems, or roots
if necessary it must translocate to the sensitive part of the plant
Block an important process for the plant( Photosynthesis)
✔✔What is a Protectant Fungicide and how is it used. - ✔✔applied before the deasiese
develops
✔✔What is a Post Infection Fungicide and how is it used - ✔✔after fungi has become
established
✔✔Define Formulation - ✔✔A mixture of active and inert ingredients used to improve
the useful ness of the product
✔✔What may a formulation consist of - ✔✔Active ingredient to control pest
a Carrier such as clay
Ingredients that help the pesticide be more effective like stickers and spreaders
stabilizers, dyes, etc. to improve storage or use
✔✔Study Formulations Table - ✔✔study it from chapter 5
✔✔What are the precautions and concerns when using adjuvants - ✔✔best type of
adjuvant depends on pesticide, crop, pest and environmental conditions. read label.
Misuse can lead to crop damage, compatibility problems, or reduced pest control.
✔✔What is an adjuvant - ✔✔is a chemical added to pesticide or spray tank to modify
chemicals physical properties and/or enhance pesticide performance.
✔✔EC Stands for - ✔✔Emulsifiable Concentrates
✔✔What dose WP Stand for - ✔✔Wettable Powder
✔✔What dose F or AF Stand For - ✔✔Flowables
✔✔What Dose WDG or DF stand for - ✔✔Water Dispersible Granules or Dry Flowables
✔✔What dose M or ME Stand for - ✔✔Micro-encapsulated
ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔what is a winter annual. - ✔✔germinate from seed in fall, over winter as low growing
plants, flower and produce seed next spring and then die.
✔✔what is a Biennial - ✔✔a plant that lives for two growing seasons, it germinate from
seed in spring or summer, over winter in the rosette stage, and then the following year
flower, seed and then die.
✔✔what is a Perennial - ✔✔a plant that lives for at least 2 or more years and can
reproduce via seed alone or may also spread by vegetative growth
✔✔How to kill Biennials and anuannal weeds - ✔✔you must kill the whole shoot, if the
shoot is cut of with tillage or killed with herbicides it will not grow back from roots
✔✔How to kill perennial weeds - ✔✔destroy underground vegetative structure, by
reputably tilling or using herbicides that translocate and destroy the complete vegetative
system.
✔✔describe preplant application - ✔✔before the crop is planted
✔✔Describe Preemergence application - ✔✔applied before the crops and/or weeds
emerge, tyipicaly after planting but not always. ( just before emergence)
✔✔Postemergence application - ✔✔application after crop/weeds have emerged.
✔✔What effects dose soil texture, organic matter and ph have on herbicides. -
✔✔different rates for fine(Clay) vs Coarse(Sand) soils. typically higher rates for fine
soils because it bines to soil instead of target weed. same applies for organic Matter,
More leaching in coarse soils, Valorization and erosion are also factors
✔✔Why must you apply postemergence herbicides at proper stages? - ✔✔read label for
optimum growth stage to control weed, also keep in mind the pre harvest intervals
,✔✔What influences the uptake of postemergence herbicides - ✔✔rain free period after
application, for uptake. Also leaf type will impact uptake for example hair leaves better,
waxy leaves worse. Adjuvants will help with this
✔✔Concerns with antagonistic tank mixture - ✔✔a mix where herbicides may reduce
the others effectiveness, where rates may need to change, or apply at difrent times
✔✔Concerns with herbicide and insecticide interaction - ✔✔Check label some
insecticides may weaken crop which may cause herbicide to injure the desired crop.
✔✔Know the LAW (controlling weeds) - ✔✔State and local laws require you to control
certain weeds to prevent their spread, to protect our feed and seed.
✔✔Define Pesticide - ✔✔is any substance used to directly control pest populations or to
prevent or reduce pest damage.
✔✔Describe the different pesticides and what they kill - ✔✔Avicide-Birds, Fungicide-
Fungi, Herbicide- Weeds, Insecticide- Insects, Pisicide- Fish, Rodenticide-Rodents,
Nematicides-nematodes
✔✔What is an organic pesticide - ✔✔pesticide that contains carbon, not man made
✔✔What is an inorganic Pesticide - ✔✔A pesticide that doesn't contain carbon and is
usually toxic, man made (synthetic)
✔✔What is a Microbial Pesticide - ✔✔These are bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, or other living
organisms that can cause diseases in given species of pest.
✔✔What is Selectivity referring to in pesticides - ✔✔how broad or narrow the range of
pest the chemical will kill. Broad kills a large range of pest, Narrow will kill a very
specific pest family with a specific way of doing so
✔✔What is Persistence referring to in pesticides - ✔✔how long the pesticide remains to
control pest(aka residual) Some pesticides have long residual effects for weeks
,months, even years. Some are short term and breakdown immediately and become
nontoxic
✔✔Describe how pesticides are named - ✔✔Trade Name- Big Bold Name(Brand)
Common Name- Easy to use and see can be a name for active ingredient,
Chemical Name- All the scientific active ingredient names, hard to use and see
✔✔What are inorganic Insecticides used for - ✔✔they are primarily used for weak,
young, pregnant, stressed insects that are easily killed.
, ✔✔What are IGRs - ✔✔Insect growth Regulator, a type of insect hormone that disrupts
the growth of insects
✔✔What are Acaricides and Miticides, - ✔✔Spider and Mite pesticide
✔✔What steps are necessary for a herbicide to kill a plant. - ✔✔it must be absorbed
through leaves, stems, or roots
if necessary it must translocate to the sensitive part of the plant
Block an important process for the plant( Photosynthesis)
✔✔What is a Protectant Fungicide and how is it used. - ✔✔applied before the deasiese
develops
✔✔What is a Post Infection Fungicide and how is it used - ✔✔after fungi has become
established
✔✔Define Formulation - ✔✔A mixture of active and inert ingredients used to improve
the useful ness of the product
✔✔What may a formulation consist of - ✔✔Active ingredient to control pest
a Carrier such as clay
Ingredients that help the pesticide be more effective like stickers and spreaders
stabilizers, dyes, etc. to improve storage or use
✔✔Study Formulations Table - ✔✔study it from chapter 5
✔✔What are the precautions and concerns when using adjuvants - ✔✔best type of
adjuvant depends on pesticide, crop, pest and environmental conditions. read label.
Misuse can lead to crop damage, compatibility problems, or reduced pest control.
✔✔What is an adjuvant - ✔✔is a chemical added to pesticide or spray tank to modify
chemicals physical properties and/or enhance pesticide performance.
✔✔EC Stands for - ✔✔Emulsifiable Concentrates
✔✔What dose WP Stand for - ✔✔Wettable Powder
✔✔What dose F or AF Stand For - ✔✔Flowables
✔✔What Dose WDG or DF stand for - ✔✔Water Dispersible Granules or Dry Flowables
✔✔What dose M or ME Stand for - ✔✔Micro-encapsulated
